Pengaruh Terpaan Hoaks Covid-19 di Media Sosial Facebook terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa Universitas Tarumanagara

Abstract

The exposure of hoax during Covid-19 pandemic often triggers anxiety for the general public in reading information. The global emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic in the world, including in Indonesia, requires people to carry out all activities at home. In getting the information, technology and communication are needed to assist human needs in obtaining information easily, one of which is social media Facebook. There are two variables in this study which is variable X exposure to Covid-19 hoaxes on social media Facebook and variable Y level of anxiety. This study’s theoretical foundantions are the hypodermic needle theory, S-O-R theory (Stimulus-Organism-Response Theory), media exposure, anxiety, the concept of hoaxes, and Facebook. The survey method is used in this study, which takes a quantitative approach. The population for this study is Tarumanagara University students and the slovin formula was used to determine 100 respondents, and questionnaires were distributed to them. The data that obtained were analyzed using a simple linear regression test technique, R test, T test, validity test, reliability test, and normality test. As a results, based on the results of the T test, which stated that the influence of the X variable on the Y variable was 0,000 0,050 and the arithmetic value was 15.330>t table 1.98447, it was concluded that Ho was rejected and H1 was accepted. This means that the Covid-19 hoax’s exposure on Facebook has an effect on anxiety levels.

Terpaan hoaks di masa pandemi Covid-19 seringkali memicu rasa cemas bagi khalayak dalam membaca sebuah informasi. Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengharuskan masyarakat untuk melakukan segala aktivitas di dalam rumah. Dalam mendapatkan sebuah informasi, dibutuhkan teknologi dan komunikasi yang membantu kebutuhan manusia dalam memperoleh informasi menjadi sangat mudah salah satunya adalah media sosial Facebook. Terdapat dua variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, diantaranya ialah variabel X terpaan hoaks Covid-19 di media sosial Facebook dan variabel Y tingkat kecemasan. Landasan teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori jarum suntik (Hypodermic needle theory), teori S-O-R (Stimulus-Organism-Respons Theory), terpaan media, kecemasan, konsep hoaks, dan Facebook. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Penelitian ini menggunakan populasi mahasiswa Universitas Tarumanagara dan dilakukan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 100 responden yang telah ditentukan menggunakan rumus slovin. Data yang didapat menggunakan analisis teknik uji regresi linear sederhana, uji R, uji T, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, dan uji nomalitas. Hasil uji analisis yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini yaitu berdasarkan hasil uji T menyatakan pengaruh variabel X terhadap variabel Y sebesar 0,000<0,050 dan nilai t hitung sebesar 15,330>t tabel 1.98447, disimpulkan Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima. Artinya ada pengaruh Terpaan Hoaks Covid-19 di Facebook terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan.