Ekspektasi kerja Generasi Z di Jakarta: Peran work-life balance dan kompensasi dengan moderasi gender melalui pendekatan multi-group analisis (MGA)
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Abstract
The transformation of today’s workforce highlights Generation Z as a driving force with distinct work values and career expectations compared to previous generations. This study explores the role of work-life balance and compensation in shaping the work expectations of Generation Z employees in Jakarta while considering gender as a moderating variable examined through the Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) approach. A quantitative design was employed using a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to 200 respondents aged 21–28 years working across various industrial sectors in Jakarta. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the SmartPLS 4.1 software. The results indicate that work-life balance and compensation have a positive and significant influence on Generation Z’s work expectations. Furthermore, the moderation test confirms that gender affects the relationship between work-life balance and work expectations, where female respondents tend to place greater importance on achieving balance between professional and personal life than their male counterparts. These findings emphasize the need for organizations to design flexible, inclusive, and gender-sensitive workplace policies to enhance engagement, attract, and retain young talents in a dynamic and competitive labor market.
Perubahan nilai dan orientasi kerja pada Generasi Z menuntut organisasi untuk menyesuaikan strategi pengelolaan sumber daya manusia agar lebih adaptif terhadap ekspektasi tenaga kerja muda. Generasi ini memandang keseimbangan antara kehidupan pribadi dan pekerjaan serta sistem kompensasi yang adil sebagai faktor penting dalam menilai kualitas tempat kerja. Kajian ini menelusuri peran work-life balance dan kompensasi dalam membentuk ekspektasi kerja Generasi Z di Jakarta, dengan mempertimbangkan gender sebagai variabel moderasi yang diuji menggunakan pendekatan Multi-Group Analisis (MGA). Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survei berbasis kuesioner skala Likert yang melibatkan 200 responden Generasi Z berusia 21–28 tahun dari berbagai sektor industri di Jakarta. Data diolah menggunakan metode Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan bantuan aplikasi SmartPLS 4.1. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa work-life balance dan kompensasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ekspektasi kerja Generasi Z. Uji moderasi mengonfirmasi bahwa gender memengaruhi hubungan antara work-life balance dan ekspektasi kerja, di mana perempuan menunjukkan tingkat kepedulian lebih tinggi terhadap keseimbangan hidup dibanding laki-laki. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya bagi organisasi untuk menciptakan kebijakan kerja yang fleksibel, inklusif, dan sensitif terhadap perbedaan gender guna menarik serta mempertahankan talenta Generasi Z di era kompetitif saat ini.
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