Peranan perceived service quality dan perceived waiting time dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pasien dan intensi berkunjung kembali di rumah sakit umum daerah
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the role of perceived service quality and perceived waiting time in increasing patient satisfaction and return visit intentions at regional general hospitals. This type of research is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The total sample for this study was 184 outpatients at the regional general hospital. Based on the research results, it was found that perceptions of service quality had a positive and significant effect on patient satisfaction. Perceived waiting time has a positive and significant effect on patient satisfaction. Perceived service quality can predict return visit intensity positively and significantly. Perceived waiting time has a positive and significant effect on the intensity of return visits. Patient satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on the intensity of return visits.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peranan perceived service quality dan perceived waiting time dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pasien dan intensi berkunjung kembali di rumah sakit umum daerah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Total sampel penelitian ini adalah 184 pasien rawat jalan di rumah sakit umum daerah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa perceived service quality berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pasien. Perceived waiting time berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pasien. Perceived service quality dapat memprediksi intensi berkunjung kembali secara positif dan signifikan. Perceived waiting time berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap intensi berkunjung kembali. Kepuasan pasien berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap intensi berkunjung ulang.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Alizadeh, S., & Chavan, M. (2016). Cultural competence dimensions and outcomes: A systematic review of the literature. Health and Social Care in the Community, 24(6), e117–e130. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12293
Almoajel, A., Fetohi, E., & Alshamrani, A. (2014). Patient satisfaction with primary health care in Jubail City, Saudi Arabia. World Journal of Medical Sciences, 11(2), 255–264. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjms.2014.11.2.84172
Alrasheedi, K. F., AL-Mohaithef, M., Edrees, H. H., & Chandramohan, S. (2019). The association between wait times and patient satisfaction: Findings from primary health centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology, 6, 233339281986124. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333392819861246
Amarantou, V., Chatzoudes, D., Kechagia, V., & Chatzoglou, P. D. (2019). The impact of service quality on patient satisfaction and revisiting intentions: The case of public emergency departments. Quality Management in Health Care, 28(4), 200–208. https://doi.org/10.1097/QMH.0000000000000232
Askariazad, M. H., & Babakhani, N. (2015). An application of European Customer Satisfaction Index (ECSI) in Business to Business (B2B) context. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 30(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-07-2011-0093
Astiena, A. K., & Azmi, F. (2020). Analysis of outpatient’s waiting time and patient’s satisfaction at Dr M Djamil Hospital 2019. Proceedings of the Third Andalas International Public Health Conference, AIPHC 2019, 10-11th October 2019, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.9-10-2019.2297161
Barlow, G. L. (2002). Auditing hospital queuing. Managerial Auditing Journal, 17(7), 397–403. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686900210437507
Bentum-Micah, G., Ma, Z., Wang, W., Atuahene, S. A., & Bondzie-Micah, V. (2020). Perceived service quality, a key to improved patient satisfaction and loyalty in healthcare delivery: The servqual dimension approach. Journal of Health and Medical Sciences, 3(2), 185–195. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.03.02.114
Bielen, F., & Demoulin, N. (2007). Waiting time influence on the satisfaction-loyalty relationship in services. Managing Service Quality, 17(2), 174–193. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520710735182
Biya, M., Gezahagn, M., Birhanu, B., Yitbarek, K., Getachew, N., & Beyene, W. (2022). Waiting time and its associated factors in patients presenting to outpatient departments at Public Hospitals of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-07502-8
Cheristina, & Santi. (2022). Hubungan waiting time dengan kepuasan pasien pada pelayanan keperawatan: Studi tradisional review. Jurnal Fenomena Kesehatan (JFK), 5(2), 54–60. https://ojs.ikbkjp.ac.id/JFK/article/view/153
Chien, M. C. (2017). An empirical study on the effect of attractiveness of ecotourism destination on experiential value and revisit intention. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 15(2), 43–53. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1502_043053
Citra, E. W., Razak, A., & AP, A. R. A. (2021). Pengaruh citra rumah sakit dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap minat kunjungan kembali melalui kepuasan pasien di rawat inap RSUD Salewangan Maros tahun 2021. Prosiding Seminar Nasional SMIPT 2021 Sinergitas Multidisiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi, 4(1), 379–396. https://jurnal.yapri.ac.id/index.php/semnassmipt/article/view/262
Cronin, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring service quality: A reexamination and extension. Journal of Marketing, 56(3), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252296
Darmadi, H. (2014). Metode penelitian pendidikan dan sosial: Teori konsep dasar dan implementasi (Ed. Baru). Alfabeta.
Durmuş, A., & Akbolat, M. (2020). The impact of patient satisfaction on patient commitment and the mediating role of patient trust. Journal of Patient Experience, 7(6), 1642–1647. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373520967807
Fasya, D. H. (2020). Tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan pendaftaran rawat jalan di RSUD K.R.M.T. Wongsonegoro Semarang [Tugas Akhir DIII, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang]. https://repository.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/index.php/index.php?p=show_detail&id=21342&keywords=
Fornell, C. (1992). A national customer satisfaction barometer: The Swedish experience. Journal of Marketing, 56(1), 6–21. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252129
Giday, B. G. (2017). Perceived service quality and patients’ satisfaction: The case of Wolaita Sodo University Teaching Hospital. European Journal of Business and Management, 9(4), 140–147. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/35319
Gold, A. H., Malhotra, A., & Segars, A. H. (2001). Knowledge management: An organizational capabilities perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(1), 185–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2001.11045669
Gunawan, S., Aritonang R., L. R., Keni, & Risnawaty, W. (2018). Pengukuran kepuasan pasien rawat-inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tarakan Jakarta. Jurnal Bakti Masyarakat Indonesia, 1(1), 153–159. https://doi.org/10.24912/jbmi.v1i1.1891
Gusmawan, F., Haryadi, & Sutrisna, E. (2020). Pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan karakteristik sosiodemografi terhadap minat kunjungan ulang yang dimoderasi oleh kepuasan pasien pada pelayanan rawat jalan Puskesmas Kedungbanteng Kabupaten Banyumas. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Akuntansi (JEBA), 21(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.32424/jeba.v21i4.1544
Guspianto, Hubaybah, & Ningsih, V. R. (2022). Quality of service and its effect on patient value, patient satisfaction, and revisit intention: Investigation of the public health center in Jambi Province. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(E), 1865–1873. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8666
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). An introduction to Structural Equation Modeling. In Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer.
Harmen, E. L. (2023). Pelayanan prima kesehatan rumah sakit dalam memenuhi kepuasan pasien (Literature review). ISORA JOURNAL: Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 1(1), 29–36. https://isora.tpublishing.org/index.php/isora
Husain, F., Shahnawaz, M. G., Khan, N. H., Parveen, H., & Savani, K. (2021). Intention to get COVID-19 vaccines: Exploring the role of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, belief in COVID-19 misinformation, and vaccine confidence in Northern India. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 17(11), 3941–3953. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1967039
Insani, R. I., Sriatmi, A., & Fatmasari, E. Y. (2020). Aspek-aspek dimensi waktu tunggu yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pasien BPJS rawat jalan di Poliklinik Mata RSU William Booth Semarang. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa (JIM), 10(3), 84–86. https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jim/article/view/31786
Jones, T., & Taylor, S. F. (2007). The conceptual domain of service loyalty: How many dimensions? Journal of Services Marketing, 21(1), 36–51. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040710726284
Juliana, & Keni. (2020). Prediksi kualitas pelayanan dan kepercayaan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan: Kepuasan pelanggan sebagai variabel mediasi. Jurnal Manajerial dan Kewirausahaan, 2(1), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmk.v2i1.7451
Kuntoro, W., & Istiono, W. (2017). Kepuasan pasien terhadap kualitas pelayanan di tempat pendaftaran pasien rawat jalan Puskesmas Kretek Bantul Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan Vokasional, 2(1), 140–147. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkesvo.30327
Lai, K. P., Yee Yen, Y., & Siong Choy, C. (2020). The effects of service quality and perceived price on revisit intention of patients: the Malaysian context. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 12(4), 541–558. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-02-2019-0013
Mardiana, L. A., Aritonang, & Derriawan. (2019). Pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap perceived quality dan dampaknya terhadap kepuasan pasien BPJS-Kesehatan rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Bayu Asih Purwakarta. Medika Tadulako, Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran, 6(2), 132–139. http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/MedikaTadulako/article/view/15430
Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 tentang Klasifikasi dan Perizinan Rumah Sakit. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/152506/permenkes-no-3-tahun-2020
Merdeka.com. (2017). Banyak keluhan, Wali Kota Semarang sidak RSUD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro. Merdeka.com. https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/banyak-keluhan-wali-kota-semarang-sidak-rsud-krmt-wongsonegoro.html
Mestdagh, L., Van Berlaer, G., Buyl, R., & Hubloue, I. (2014). Physician waiting time in the Emergency Department: Do patients have realistic expectations? Acta Clinica Belgica, 69(June), S8–S9. http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L71591460%5Cnhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0001551214Z.00000000066
Mujihestia, T. I., Troena, E. A., & Hussein, A. S. (2018). The role of city image and visitors’ satisfaction on visitors’ revisit intention: A study in an enclave city. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 16(2), 309–320. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2018.016.02.14
Nofriadi, Delima, M., & Sara, Y. (2019). Hubungan lama waktu tunggu pelayanan dengan kepuasan pasien poli penyakit dalam RSUD Painan. Prosiding Seminar Kesehatan Perintis, 2(1), 67–72. https://jurnal.upertis.ac.id/index.php/PSKP/article/view/376?articlesBySameAuthorPage=2
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12–40.
Pramana, L. D. Y., Suryoputro, A., & Purnami, C. T. (2022). Factors affecting outpatients intention to revisit health services at public health center in Demak district. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 7(2), 631–638. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v7i2.1049
Puryanti. (2021). Analisis pengaruh perceived service quality terhadap pemanfaatan instalasi rawat jalan. JI-KES (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan), 5(1), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.33006/ji-kes.v5i1.246
Putri, M. N. D. A., Farida, N., & Arso, S. P. (2023). The effect of service quality on intentions of hospital patient revisit: Literature review. International Journal of Latest Engineering Research and Applications (IJLERA), 8(1), 64–69. http://www.ijlera.com/papers/v8-i1/5.202301439.pdf
Rahmiati, & Temesveri, N. A. (2020). Hubungan dimensi kualitas pelayanan dengan minat kunjungan ulang pasien di instalasi rawat jalan Rumah Sakit Umum Kabupaten Tangerang tahun 2019. Jurnal Kesehatan, 13(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.23917/jk.v13i1.11097
Sadya, S. (2023, April 11). Ada 3.072 rumah sakit di Indonesia pada 2022. DataIndonesia.id. https://dataindonesia.id/kesehatan/detail/ada-3072-rumah-sakit-di-indonesia-pada-2022
Sangkot, H. S., Latifah, U., Suryandari, E. S. D. H., & Wijaya, A. (2022). Analisis pengaruh kepuasan pasien rawat jalan terhadap minat kunjungan ulang di RS X Kota Madiun. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia, 10(2), 141–147. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmki.10.2.2022.141-147
Santoso, G. A., & Bernarto, I. (2022). Pengaruh waktu tunggu yang singkat, keterjangkauan harga, dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pasien di Klinik Gigi CDC. JMBI UNSRAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi), 9(1), 68–81. https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v9i1.39059
Shie, A. J., Huang, Y. F., Li, G. Y., Lyu, W. Y., Yang, M., Dai, Y. Y., Su, Z. H., & Wu, Y. J. (2022). Exploring the relationship between hospital service quality, patient trust, and loyalty from a service encounter perspective in elderly with chronic diseases. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.876266
Sihombing, T., & Sigalingging, B. H. (2020). Anteseden dari revisit intention dan word of mouth pada layanan oftalmologi di Jabodetabek. Jurnal Terapan Ilmu Manajemen dan Bisnis, 3(1), 15–36. https://jurnal.unai.edu/index.php/jtimb/article/view/2302
Siripipatthanakul, S. (2021). Service quality, patient satisfaction, word-of-mouth, and revisit intention in a dental clinic, Thailand. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 5(5), 832–841. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sukiswo, S. S. (2018). Hubungan kepuasan pasien dengan minat kunjungan ulang di Puskesmas Sangkalan Kecamatan Susoh Kabupaten Aceh Barat. J-Kesmas: Jurnal Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat (The Indonesian Journal of Public Health), 5(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.35308/j-kesmas.v5i1.1144
Vavra, T. G. (1997). Improving your measurement of customer satisfaction: A guide to creating, conducting, analyzing, and reporting customer satisfaction measurement programs. Asq Pr.
Wulandari, P., Listiawaty, R., & Hafiz, A. (2020). Hubungan waktu tunggu terhadap kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas X Kota Jambi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia dan Kesehatan, 3(2), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.31850/makes.v3i2.523