PENCEGAHAN ANEMIA PADA ANAK SEKOLAH SDN 01 CIHERANG MELALUI PEMERIKSAAN FISIK, SKRINING KONSUMSI OBAT CACING DAN VITAMIN
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Abstract
Anemia is a multifaceted health condition characterized by a deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells or hemoglobin concentration that can cause significant impairment to cognitive and physical growth. Physical development and social welfare of school-aged children are profoundly impacted by anemia. Several risk factors including nutritional deficiencies (with particular emphasis on iron, vitamins A, and B12), genetic susceptibility, inflammatory mechanisms, and parasitic infection. In Indonesia, anemia is prevalent among children aged 5 to 12 years at a rate of 23%. An alarming prevalence of malnutrition and cognitive decline in low-income regions can be attributed to parasitic infections. In Indonesia, worm infections are prevalent among elementary school pupils at a rate of 29.7%. This demonstrates the criticality of deworming programs in academic institutions. A balanced and healthy nutritional intake is paramount in order to prevent vitamin deficiency. Vitamin supplementation can be given in conditions where optimal intake is not sufficient. This community service was conducted at SDN 01 Ciherang District, Cianjur, West Java. The present activity employed the PDCA method to assess for iron deficiency anemia, and vitamin supplementation. This task entails conducting a physical assessment and completing a survey. Result of screening showed that 13 students had anemia (8.6%), 41 students (27.14%) did not take worm medicine, and 86 students (56.9%) did not take vitamins. It is hoped that this community activity can prevent negative impacts of anemia due to worm infections
ABSTRAK
Anemia adalah suatu kondisi kesehatan multifaset yang ditandai dengan kekurangan jumlah atau kualitas sel darah merah atau konsentrasi hemoglobin yang dapat menimbulkan hambatan besar terhadap pertumbuhan kognitif dan fisik. Anemia memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap pertumbuhan dan kesejahteraan anak-anak usia sekolah. Hal ini disebabkan oleh banyak faktor, termasuk kekurangan nutrisi (khususnya zat besi, vitamin A, dan B12), kecenderungan genetik, proses inflamasi, dan invasi parasit. Prevalensi anemia pada anak usia 5-12 tahun di Indonesia sebesar 23%. Infeksi parasit merupakan penyebab utama malnutrisi dan penurunan kognitif, yang mencolok di wilayah berpendapatan rendah. Prevalensi infeksi cacing pada anak sekolah dasar di Indonesia adalah sebesar 29,7%. Hal ini menunjukkan betapa pentingnya intervensi obat cacing di lembaga pendidikan. Asupan makanan yang sehat dan seimbang merupakan kunci untuk mencegah terjadinya defisiensi vitamin. Pemberian suplementasi vitamin dapat dilaksanakan bilamana diperlukan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di sekolah SDN 01 Ciherang, Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Kegiatan ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode PDCA untuk menskrining anemia, konsumsi obat cacing, dan suplementasi vitamin. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan fisik dan pengisian kuesioner. Skrining anemia pada siswa didapatkan 13 siswa mengalami anemia (8,6%), 41 siswa (27,14%) tidak mengkonsumsi obat cacing, dan 86 siswa (56,9%) tidak mengkonsumsi vitamin. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat mencegah dampak negatif anemia akibat infeksi cacingan
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