KORELASI ANTARA PROFIL LIPID DAN KOMPOSISI TUBUH PADA DEWASA DI JAKARTA BARAT DAN TIMUR DENGAN KONTROL VARIABEL USIA
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Abstract
Profil lipid dan komposisi tubuh merupakan indikator penting status kesehatan, yang keduanya saling berinteraksi dan berkontribusi terhadap risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Hubungan antara keduanya pada populasi dewasa di Jakarta masih jarang diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui korelasi antara profil lipid dan komposisi tubuh pada orang dewasa di Jakarta Barat dan Timur, dengan mengendalikan variabel usia. Metode penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada 218 responden dewasa (≥20 tahun) yang direkrut di tiga lokasi di DKI Jakarta. Komposisi tubuh diukur menggunakan bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) dan profil lipid diperoleh dari analisis darah vena. Analisis korelasi Pearson dan korelasi parsial digunakan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara parameter lipid (kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, trigliserida) dengan komponen komposisi tubuh (lemak viseral, subkutan, IMT, otot rangka), dengan kontrol terhadap usia. Kadar trigliserida menunjukkan korelasi positif signifikan dengan lemak viseral (r=0,284; p<0,001) dan IMT (r=0,265; p<0,001). Sebaliknya, kadar HDL berkorelasi negatif signifikan dengan lemak viseral (r=−0,382; p<0,001) dan IMT (r=−0,293; p<0,001). Kolesterol total dan HDL juga berkorelasi negatif dengan massa otot, khususnya otot kaki (p<0,05). Korelasi ini tetap signifikan setelah dikendalikan oleh usia. Terdapat korelasi signifikan antara profil lipid dan komposisi tubuh pada populasi dewasa di Jakarta, yang relatif independen dari usia. Temuan ini mendukung pentingnya pengelolaan komposisi tubuh untuk memperbaiki profil lipid dan menurunkan risiko kardiovaskular. Studi longitudinal lebih lanjut disarankan untuk mengklarifikasi hubungan kausal.
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