INCOME SMOOTHING: FINANCIAL STRATEGY, COST STICKINESS, AND INCOME TAX
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Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengumpulkan bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh strategi keuangan seperti profitabilitas, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, rasio pembayaran dividen, rencana bonus, kekakuan biaya, dan pajak penghasilan terhadap kemungkinan praktik perataan laba. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari perusahaan sektor konsumen siklikal, nonsiklikal, dan industri yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari 2020 hingga 2022. Pemilihan sektor ini didasarkan pada karakteristik operasional dan siklus bisnis yang berbeda, yang dapat memengaruhi praktik perataan laba dan memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang praktik ini di Indonesia. Periode 2017-2022 dipilih karena mencakup berbagai dinamika ekonomi, termasuk fluktuasi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan perubahan regulasi akuntansi di Indonesia. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan bagaimana perusahaan menyesuaikan strategi keuangan mereka menghadapi tantangan ekonomi dan regulasi yang berubah. Sebanyak 41 perusahaan dipilih sebagai sampel melalui metode purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa strategi keuangan seperti profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan, rasio pembayaran dividen, rencana bonus, kekakuan biaya, dan pajak penghasilan tidak berhubungan dengan praktik perataan laba, sedangkan leverage justru mengurangi kemungkinan perataan laba.
This study aims to gather empirical evidence on whether financial strategies, such as profitability, leverage, company size, dividend payout ratio, bonus plan, cost stickiness, and income tax, influence the likelihood of income smoothing practices. The sample includes consumer cyclical, noncyclical, and industrial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2022. These sectors were chosen because they have different operational characteristics and business cycles that can affect income smoothing, offering deeper insights into Indonesia's income smoothing behaviour. The 2017-2022 period was selected because it encompasses various economic conditions, including fluctuating growth and changes in Indonesian accounting regulations. Consequently, this study aims to reveal how companies adjust their financial strategies amidst economic and regulatory challenges. A total of 41 companies were chosen as samples using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed with logistic regression. Findings suggest that financial strategies such as profitability, company size, dividend payout ratio, bonus plan, cost stickiness, and income tax do not impact income smoothing, whereas leverage decreases its likelihood.
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