THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE AND FINANCIAL ATTITUDE ON HOUSEWIVES SAVING BEHAVIOR IN BANDUNG CITY
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Abstract
Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia masih terhambat oleh rendahnya budaya menabung, yang terlihat dari adanya kesenjangan antara jumlah rekening tabungan dan pertumbuhan nominalnya, menurut laporan DIC. Kesenjangan ini berkaitan dengan rendahnya literasi keuangan, yang mencakup pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku. Ibu rumah tangga, yang memiliki peran penting dalam mengelola keuangan rumah tangga sekaligus berpengaruh dalam mendidik generasi berikutnya, menjadi fokus utama pemerintah dalam program literasi keuangan. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh pengetahuan keuangan dan sikap keuangan terhadap perilaku menabung ibu rumah tangga di Bandung. Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian eksplanatori, data dikumpulkan dari perempuan menikah berusia 19 tahun ke atas yang telah menetap di Bandung minimal enam bulan. Kuesioner disebarkan baik secara daring maupun luring, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode SEM-PLS melalui SmartPLS 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan dan sikap keuangan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku menabung, dengan pengaruh pengetahuan keuangan yang lebih kuat. Nilai adjusted R-square sebesar 0,553 mengindikasikan bahwa kedua variabel tersebut mampu menjelaskan 55,3% perilaku menabung, sementara 44,7% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemahaman mengenai peran penting literasi keuangan dalam membangun budaya menabung serta menawarkan wawasan praktis bagi pembuat kebijakan dan pendidik keuangan untuk merancang intervensi yang lebih tepat sasaran bagi ibu rumah tangga. Dengan demikian, kemampuan pengelolaan keuangan mereka dapat ditingkatkan dan pada akhirnya mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Economic growth in Indonesia remains hindered by a low saving culture, as evident from the gap between the number of savings accounts and their nominal growth, according to DIC reports. This disparity is linked to inadequate financial literacy, encompassing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Housewives, being central to household financial management and influential in educating future generations, are the government’s primary focus for financial literacy initiatives. This study investigates the influence of financial knowledge and financial attitudes on the saving behavior of housewives in Bandung. Using an explanatory research design, data were collected from married women aged 19 and older who had resided in Bandung for at least six months. Questionnaires were distributed both online and offline, with analysis conducted using the SEM-PLS method via SmartPLS 4.0. The findings reveal that financial knowledge and attitudes significantly impact saving behavior, with financial knowledge exerting a stronger influence. An adjusted R-square of 0.553 indicates that these variables explain 55.3% of saving behavior, while 44.7% remains attributed to other factors. This research contributes to understanding the critical role of financial literacy in fostering a saving culture and provides actionable insights for policymakers and financial educators to develop targeted interventions for housewives, enhancing their financial management capabilities and ultimately supporting economic growth.
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