MENCARI HAKIKAT MAKNA ‘BERHUNI’ - SEBUAH PERGESERAN PEMAHAMAN MELALUI TRANSFORMASI KESADARAN

Main Article Content

Alvin Hadiwono

Abstract

The concept of 'dwelling' is a central concept in the world of architecture. This concept determines how an architectural work is interpreted and functions for its occupants and users. The meaning of dwelling literally, sensory and fragmentative still dominates today, which is basically influenced by Cartesian mechanistic consciousness. These limitations of meaning certainly need to be criticized and transcended, so that the reality of architectural works can be explored more deeply according to their nature. Literature study of the works of Christopher Alexander and Martin Heidegger is important, because both of them criticize mechanistic consciousness and release the narrow meanings of dwelling. What both offer is to open up a much broader and more basic insight into the meaning of dwelling through holistic (wholeness) awareness. As a result, Alexander, through the Theory of the Nature of Order, saw that the meaning of dwelling is more about the intensity of feelings that humans experience when observing the composition of rich geometric centers in space, which then appears in the law of 15 fundamental properties. Meanwhile, for Heidegger, the meaning of dwelling is realized through the Fourfold which include earth, sky, divinity and mortal. These four principles are present through the concept of Dasein (being-in-the-world) which is experienced by dweller who merge together in space temporally and continuously. This means that the meaning of dwelling is experienced as a wholeness horizon of consciousness that witnesses the process of being of various things. Thus, dwelling is an activity of participation with the whole which is in process and exists in the world. There is indeed a slight difference in the views of life between Alexander and Heidegger. However, both of them have the same view which stems from the wholeness and fundamental reality, which is rooted in the nature of deep intuition within humans themselves.


Konsep ‘berhuni’ merupakan sebuah konsep sentral dalam dunia arsitektur. Konsep tersebut menentukan bagaimana sebuah karya arsitektur dimaknai dan berfungsi untuk penghuni maupun penggunanya. Pemaknaan berhuni secara harfiah, inderawi dan fragmentatif masih mendominasi hingga saat ini, yang pada dasarnya dipengaruhi oleh kesadaran mekanistik Cartesian. Keterbatasan pemaknaan tersebut tentu perlu dikritisi dan dilampaui, agar realitas karya arsitektur dapat diselami lebih mendalam menurut hakikatnya. Studi pustaka terhadap karya Christopher Alexander dan Martin Heidegger menjadi penting, karena keduanya mengkritisi kesadaran mekanistik dan melepaskan kungkungan pemaknaan berhuni yang sempit. Apa yang ditawarkan keduanya adalah membuka wawasan pemaknaan berhuni jauh lebih luas dan mendasar melalui kesadaran yang bersifat holistik (menyeluruh). Hasilnya, Alexander melalui Teori Hakikat Tatanan melihat makna berhuni lebih merupakan intensitas perasaan yang dialami manusia ketika mengamati komposisi pusat-pusat geometri yang kaya dalam ruang, yang selanjutnya muncul dalam hukum 15 karakter fundamental. Sedang bagi Heidegger, makna berhuni terwujud melalui 4 Pilar (Prinsip) yang meliputi bumi, langit, keilahian dan kematian. Empat Prinsip ini hadir dalam konsep Dasein (berada-di-dalam-dunia) yang dialami oleh pengamat yang melebur bersama dalam ruang secara temporal dan berkelanjutan. Ini berarti, makna berhuni dialami sebagai sebuah horizon kesadaran menyeluruh yang menyaksikan proses berada dari berbagai hal. Dengan demikian berhuni adalah aktivitas partisipasi bersama keseluruhan yang sedang berproses dan berada di dalam dunia. Memang ada sedikit perbedaan pandangan berhuni antara Alexander dan Heidegger. Namun keduanya memiliki kesamaan pandangan yang berpangkal pada realitas keseluruhan dan mendasar, yang berakar pada hakikat intuisi mendalam dalam diri manusia pada dirinya sendiri.

Article Details

Section
Artikel

References

Alexander, C. (2002). The nature of order – the phenomenon of life (book 1). The Center for Environmental Structure.

Alexander, C. (2003). The nature of order – the process of creating life (book 2). The Center for Environmental Structure.

Alexander, C. (2003). The nature of order – a vision of a living world (book 3). The Center for Environmental Structure.

Alexander, C. (2004). The nature of order – the luminous ground (book 4). The Center for Environmental Structure.

Alexander, C.. (2012). The battle for the life and beauty of the earth: A struggle between two world-systems. Oxford University Press.

Bortoft, H. (1996). The wholeness of nature. Lindisfarne Bookss.

Elliott, N. (2019). Let christopher alexander design your life. Curbed. https://archive.curbed.com/2019/7/11/20686495/pattern-language-christopher-alexander.

Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time. Harper-Collins Publishers.

Heidegger, M. (1962). Building, Dwelling and Thinking (translation and commentary by Adam Bobeck).

Galle, P. (2020). Christopher Alexander’s Battle for Beauty in a World Turning Ugly: The Inception of a Science of Architecture?. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, 6(3), 345-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2020.03.002.

Jiang, B. (2019). Living structure down to earth and up to heaven: Christopher Alexander. Urban Science, 3(3), 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3030096.

Whitehead, Alfred North. (1978). Process and reality - an essay in cosmology. The Free Press.