PEREMPUAN HINDU-BALI DAN TRIPLE ROLES: GAMBARAN PROSES PERKEMBANGAN KARIER BERDASARKAN SOCIAL COGNITIVE CAREER THEORY
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Abstract
Women from Balinese-Hindu society group usually have triple roles in their daily lives. These roles consist of reproductive (domestic) role, productive role, and social (cultural) role. Balinese-Hindu women are still expected by society and either deliberately or unconsciously position themselves to prioritize domestic and social roles over their career development. This study is aimed to describe career development process based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) on Balinese-Hindu women with triple roles. This study was done qualitatively through semi-structured interview. Data triangulation was done to each participant’s significant other to confirm data obtained through interviews. Result of this study shows that career development processes are affected by individual cognitive-person factors, contextual factors which includes triple roles and other conditions, as well as individual career behavior to pursue or moderate their career development. Learning experiences through triple roles socialization since childhood, performance accomplishments, and social environment contribute to building participants’ self-efficacy expectations and outcome expectations (related to triple roles and career) which affects each other and can continue to develop through career development process. All three participants have similar career goals: developing their current career and becoming an entrepreneur in the future. Contextual affordances which include their current triple roles situation and support from their social environment plays a major role in participants’ career development process.
Perempuan dalam kelompok masyarakat Hindu-Bali umumnya menjalani tiga peran (triple roles) dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Triple roles yang dijalani oleh perempuan Hindu-Bali meliputi peran reproduktif (domestik), peran produktif, dan peran sosial (adat). Perempuan Hindu-Bali masih diharapkan oleh lingkungannya serta secara sadar maupun tidak sadar memposisikan diri untuk mementingkan peran domestik dan sosial dibandingkan perkembangan kariernya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan proses perkembangan karier berdasarkan Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) pada perempuan Hindu-Bali yang menjalani triple roles. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan wawancara semi terstruktur. Dilakukan triangulasi kepada orang terdekat partisipan sebagai bentuk konfirmasi hasil wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan gambaran proses perkembangan karier yang dipengaruhi oleh cognitive-person factors individu; contextual factors yang meliputi triple roles dan kondisi lainnya; perilaku karier individu untuk mengejar maupun memoderasi perkembangan kariernya; pengalaman belajar melalui sosialisasi triple roles sejak masa kanak-kanak; pencapaian sebelumnya; serta lingkungan sosial yang berperan dalam membangun self-efficacy expectations dan outcome expectations partisipan (mengenai triple roles dan karier) yang saling memengaruhi dan dapat terus berkembang sepanjang proses perkembangan karier. Ketiga partisipan memiliki goals untuk mengembangkan karier yang dimiliki saat ini serta menjadi wirausahawan. Faktor contextual affordance berupa situasi triple roles yang dijalani dan dukungan dari lingkungan sekitar berperan besar dalam proses perkembangan karier partisipan.
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