DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF ACCOUNTING THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON MSMES IN SURABAYA

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Dwi Pratiwi Anggraini
Rudi Santoso

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi proses transformasi digital akuntansi melalui penerapan Artificial Intelligence (AI) pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Surabaya. Permasalahan utama yang diangkat adalah rendahnya pemahaman dan adopsi teknologi AI dalam sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan keuangan oleh pelaku UMKM, padahal digitalisasi sudah mulai diterapkan secara umum. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 12 pelaku UMKM dari berbagai sektor usaha. Purposive sampling dan teknik bola salju digunakan untuk mendapatkan informan yang relevan, dan data dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan AI masih terbatas pada fitur-fitur sederhana seperti otomatisasi input data dan klasifikasi transaksi, dengan pemahaman yang sangat beragam di antara pelaku usaha. Tantangan utama termasuk infrastruktur digital yang terbatas, literasi teknologi yang rendah, dan resistensi budaya organisasi terhadap perubahan. Strategi adaptif yang muncul antara lain pelatihan praktis berbasis kebutuhan dan pendampingan digital. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan cakupan geografis dan jumlah informan, sehingga tidak dapat digeneralisasi secara luas. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk memeriksa integrasi AI lebih lanjut dalam skala nasional serta melibatkan aktor eksternal seperti penyedia teknologi dan pembuat kebijakan.


 


This research aims to explore the process of digital transformation of accounting through the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Surabaya. The main problem raised is the low understanding and adoption of AI technology in the financial recording and reporting system by MSME actors, even though digitalization has begun to be applied in general. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews with 12 MSME actors from various business sectors. Purposive sampling and snowball techniques were used to obtain relevant informants, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The results show that the use of AI is still limited to simple features such as data input automation and transaction classification, with widely varying understandings among business actors. Key challenges include limited digital infrastructure, low technology literacy, and organizational culture resistance to change. Adaptive strategies that have emerged include practical needs-based training and digital mentoring. This study has limitations in geographical coverage and the number of informants, so it cannot be generalized widely. Further research is suggested to examine the integration of AI further on a national scale as well as involving external actors such as technology providers and policymakers.

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References

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