A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF WELL-BEING, MENTAL HEALTH, AND WORK–LIFE BALANCE ON PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH JOB SATISFACTION
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Kesejahteraan karyawan, kesehatan mental, dan keseimbangan kerja-hidup telah menjadi isu strategis dalam manajemen sumber daya manusia modern, mengingat dampaknya yang signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja. Penelitian sebelumnya sebagian besar melihat variabel-variabel ini secara terpisah, sehingga menghasilkan hasil yang terfragmentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun sintesis konseptual menggunakan pendekatan Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis (SLR) untuk menguraikan hubungan antara kesejahteraan karyawan, kesehatan mental, dan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja, serta dampaknya terhadap produktivitas, dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi. Studi ini mengacu pada 66 artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 dan 2025 dalam jurnal bereputasi yang terindeks oleh Scopus (Q1–Q4), menggunakan metode analisis tematik manual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, kesejahteraan karyawan, lingkungan psikososial yang mendukung, intervensi kesehatan mental, dan kebijakan keseimbangan kerja-kehidupan semuanya memiliki efek langsung dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas. Kepuasan kerja diidentifikasi sebagai faktor mediasi utama yang memperkuat hubungan tersebut. Keunggulan penelitian ini terletak pada sintesis integratif yang secara bersamaan memetakan tiga variabel anteseden—kepuasan kerja, kesehatan mental, dan keseimbangan kehidupan kerja—dalam satu model konseptual, dengan kepuasan kerja berfungsi sebagai mediator. Berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang masih parsial, penelitian ini mengkonsolidasikan berbagai temuan ke dalam kerangka kerja terpadu yang menjembatani dimensi psikologis, struktural, dan afektif dalam Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (MSDM). Hasil ini memperkaya literatur tentang MSDM dengan memperkuat kerangka Kerja Tuntutan-Sumber Daya Pekerjaan (JD-R) dan Teori Modal Manusia. Studi ini juga mendorong organisasi untuk menerapkan strategi peningkatan produktivitas berdasarkan kesejahteraan karyawan, fleksibilitas kerja, dan dukungan psikososial yang komprehensif.
Employee well-being, mental health, and work-life balance have become strategic issues in modern human resource management, given their significant impact on work productivity. Previous research has largely examined these variables separately, resulting in fragmented results. This study aims to develop a conceptual synthesis using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to elucidate the relationships between employee well-being, mental health, and work-life balance, and their impact on productivity, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. This study draws on 66 scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 in reputable journals indexed by Scopus (Q1–Q4), using a manual thematic analysis method. The results indicate that employee well-being, a supportive psychosocial environment, mental health interventions, and work-life balance policies all have a direct and significant effect on productivity. Job satisfaction is identified as the primary mediating factor strengthening this relationship. The strength of this study lies in its integrative synthesis, which simultaneously maps three antecedent variables—job satisfaction, mental health, and work-life balance—into a single conceptual model, with job satisfaction serving as a mediator. Unlike previous studies that were still partial, this study consolidates various findings into an integrated framework that bridges the psychological, structural, and affective dimensions of Human Resource Management (HRM). These results enrich the literature on HRM by strengthening the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework and Human Capital Theory. This study also encourages organizations to implement productivity-enhancing strategies based on employee well-being, work flexibility, and comprehensive psychosocial support.
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