ANALISIS MENGENAI PENERAPAN PRINSIP DEBT COLLECTION DAN KETIADAAN PRINSIP DEBT FORGIVENESS DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG KEPAILITAN

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Bankruptcy was originally considered as a sentence for an act that was considered a criminal act, because the debtor was considered to have embezzled or refused to pay his debts to creditors. Bankruptcy was a punishment for debtors who refused to pay their debts, as well as punishing debtors who acted in bad faith to deceive and prevent creditors from collecting debts by hiding their assets. In its development, bankruptcy is no longer seen as a mistake or something that causes the fall of the debtor's dignity, but is considered as a misfortune experienced by the debtor so that it is in financial difficulty. The formulation of the problem is about how the development and application of the principles of Debt Collection and Debt Forgiveness. This paper is made for the purpose that the author has some kind of academic contribution and implements normative juridical research methods as well as utilizing secondary data and literature studies. The conclusion of this research is that bankruptcy is a mechanism to assist debtors in paying off their debts, in which there are principles such as Debt Collection which regulates how creditors' claims on debtors' assets and helps debtors pay off their debts proportionally and then the principle of Debt Forgiveness which helps free the debtor from his debts in a situation where he is unable to pay them even though the bankruptcy estate has been carried out and the absence of this principle in the Bankruptcy Law which indirectly indicates a defect or deficiency which raises a kind of necessity regarding the revision of the Law.

Keywords: Bankrupt, Bankruptcy, Debt Collection, Debt Forgiveness.

ABSTRAK

Kepailitan awalnya dianggap sebagai suatu vonis atas suatu perbuatan yang dianggap sebagai tindakan kriminal, karena debitor dianggap menggelapkan atau tidak mau membayar utang-utangnya kepada kreditor. Kepailitan bersifat sebagai hukuman bagi debitor yang tidak mau membayar utang-utangnya, serta menghukum debitor yang beritikad tidak baik menipu dan menghalangi kreditor untuk menagih utang-utang debitor dengan cara menyembunyikan asset-asetnya. Dalam perkembangannya, kepailitan tidak lagi dipandang sebagai suatu kesalahan atau sesuatu yang menyebabkan jatuhnya martabat debitor, akan tetapi dianggap sebagai sebuah kesialan yang dialami debitor sehingga berada dalam kesulitan keuangan. Rumusan masalahnya yaitu mengenai bagaimana perkembangan dan penerapan prinsip Debt Collection dan Debt Forgiveness. Makalah ini dibuat demi tujuan agar penulis memliki semacam kontribusi akademik dan mengimplementasikan metode penelitian yuridis normatif juga memanfaatkan data sekunder dan studi kepustakaan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu kepailitan merupakan suatu mekanisme untuk membantu debitor dalam melunasi utangnya, dimana di dalamnya terdapat prinsip-prinsip seperti Debt Collection yang mengatur mengenai bagaimana klaim kreditor atas harta debitor dan membantu debitor melunasi utangnya secara proporsional lalu adanya prinsip Debt Forgiveness yang membantu membebaskan sang debitor dari utangnya dalam keadaan dirinya tidak mampu melunasinya walaupun telah dilakukan pemberesan terhadap harta pailitnya dan ketiadaan prinsip ini dalam Undang-Undang Kepailitan yang secara tidak langsung menunjukkan adanya kecacatan atau kekurangan yang mana memunculkan semacam keharusan mengenai adanya revisi terhadap Undang-undang tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Hur Pailit; Kepailitan; Debt Collection; Debt Forgiveness.