PERAN JOB RESOURCES TERHADAP WORK ENGAGEMENT PADA KARYAWAN SEKTOR F&B, STUDI KASUS PADA PT X JAKARTA

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Gregorius Samuel Tjandra
Andhini Sita Dewanti
Kiky D.H. Saraswati

Abstract

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are still being felt today. One of the areas that experienced a negative impact was the food and beverages (F&B) industry in the form of reduced income and closed outlets. To increase the company's performance, the company must improve the performance of its employees. One of the things that can affect employee performance is a positive feeling towards work, known as Work Engagement (WE). Based on previous research, high WE is influenced by Job Resources (JR), namely job aspects that function to help employees cope with the demands and physiological and psychological consequences that occur, as well as stimulate growth, learning, and personal development. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the role of JR on the WE of employees working in the F&B industrial sector. This research is a quantitative research. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 142 active employees working at an F&B company in Jakarta. The questionnaire distributed to measure the two research variables were the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) which consists of 17 items (α = .918) and the Job Demands-Resources Questionnaire which consists of 17 items (α = .910). The results of the study found that JR played a significant role on employee WE (F = 157.599 < 0.05). In addition, the study also found that the dimension of “opportunities for development” had the greatest influence on WE (R2 = 0.475) and the dimension of WE that was most highly influenced by JR was vigor (R2 = 0.474).


 


Efek dari pandemi COVID-19 masih terasa di masa sekarang. Salah satu area yang mengalami dampak negatif adalah industri food and beverages (F&B) berupa penghasilan yang berkurang dan outlet yang tutup. Untuk meningkatkan lagi kinerja perusahaan, perusahaan harus meningkatkan kinerja karyawannya. Salah satu hal yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan adalah perasaan positif terhadap pekerjaan yang dikenal dengan Work Engagement (WE). Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, WE yang tinggi dipengaruhi oleh Job Resources (JR), yaitu aspek pekerjaan yang berfungsi membantu karyawan mengatasi tuntutan dan konsekuensi fisiologis maupun psikologis yang terjadi, sekaligus menstimulasi pertumbuhan, pembelajaran, dan pengembangan personal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui peran JR terhadap WE karyawan yang bekerja pada sektor industri F&B. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mendistribusikan kuesioner pada 142 karyawan aktif yang bekerja pada suatu perusahaan F&B di Jakarta. Kuesioner yang disebarkan untuk mengukur kedua variabel penelitian tersebut adalah Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) yang terdiri dari 17 item (α = .918) dan Job Demands-Resources Questionnaire yang terdiri dari 17 item (α = .910).  Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa JR berperan secara signifikan terhadap WE karyawan (F = 157.599 < 0.05). Selain itu penelitian juga menemukan dimensi opportunities for development mempunyai pengaruh terbesar terhadap WE (R2 = 0.475) dan dimensi WE yang paling tinggi dipengaruhi oleh JR adalah vigor (R2 = 0.474).

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