CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN DI NEGARA LAHAN TERBATAS

Main Article Content

Lukas Sangka Pamungkas
Anton Wachidin Widjaja

Abstract

Dalam menghadapi urbanisasi yang cepat, pertumbuhan populasi, dan perubahan iklim, negara-negara dengan lahan pertanian terbatas semakin ditantang untuk memastikan ketahanan pangan bagi penduduknya. Pertanian dengan Lingkungan Terkendali (Controlled Environment Agriculture) muncul sebagai solusi transformatif, menawarkan pendekatan yang berkelanjutan dan efisien untuk produksi pangan. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi canggih seperti hidroponik, aeroponik, dan pertanian vertikal, CEA mengoptimalkan lingkungan pertumbuhan tanaman, memungkinkan produksi tanaman berkualitas tinggi sepanjang tahun, terlepas dari kondisi iklim eksternal. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi potensi CEA dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan di negara-negara yang kekurangan lahan. Selain itu, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya transformasi digital dalam pengembangan CEA. Inovasi teknologi digital, seperti alat-alat pertanian presisi, analitik data, dan otomatisasi, tidak hanya meningkatkan hasil panen tetapi juga efisiensi sumber daya dan keberlanjutan. Transformasi digital memungkinkan integrasi sistem cerdas yang dapat mengawasi dan mengoptimalkan proses produksi secara real-time, memanfaatkan Internet of Things (IoT), kecerdasan buatan (AI), dan kembar digital (digital twin) untuk menciptakan lingkungan pertanian yang lebih responsif dan adaptif. Penelitian ini juga membahas manfaat sosial-ekonomi dari CEA, seperti mengurangi ketergantungan pada impor pangan. Dengan menyajikan studi kasus dari Singapura yang telah mengadopsi CEA, penelitian ini menyoroti praktik terbaik dan strategi untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut. Kesimpulannya, CEA dengan dukungan transformasi digital merupakan komponen penting dalam masa depan pertanian, terutama di wilayah di mana pertanian tradisional sulit dilakukan karena keterbatasan lahan. Melalui investasi strategis dalam CEA dan digitalisasi, negara-negara dapat memperkuat ketahanan pangannya, berkontribusi pada tujuan keberlanjutan global, dan membangun ketahanan terhadap gangguan di rantai pasokan pangan di masa depan.


 


With increasing population density, rate of urbanization, and climate change, countries with a small and shrinking base of arable land are under pressure to feed their populations. Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) is presented as effective method that can revolutionize the principles of farming. CEA use of hydroponics, aeroponics, vertical farming and other high-tech methods that help create a suitable climate that will allow the cultivation of crops all year round irrespective of the climate. This research finding out CEA can help in achieving food security within lack of land nations. Moreover, this paper focuses on the necessity to advance CEA as subject through the practice of digital transformation. Tools like precision farming, data analytics for crop production, and robots for planting and harvesting improve not only the yields but also optimize the use of the resources. Digital transformation can help introduce smart systems that will support production and control processes in near real-time with the help of IoT, AI, and digital twinning to develop more sensitive agricultural environments. This paper also covers other socio-economic effects of CEA including reduction in the importation of food. The research uses case studies in Singapore which for the most part has implemented CEA. In conclusion, CEA is part of agriculture development, especially in the areas where conventional agriculture cannot be effective because of the lack of land. CEA and investment in digitalization remain vital in increasing countries food security and ensure meet international sustainable goals in case of future shocks in the food chain.

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