Pengaruh Pemanfaatan AI dan Tiktok sebagai Pendorong Kinerja UMKM Kuliner di Jakarta Melalui Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan
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Abstract
UMKM merupakan sektor strategis dalam perekonomian Indonesia karena berperan dalam peningkatan pendapatan nasional, penyerapan tenaga kerja, dan penguatan ekonomi lokal. Namun, tingginya persaingan bisnis dan perubahan perilaku konsumen di era digital menuntut pelaku usaha untuk beradaptasi dengan teknologi, termasuk AI dan media sosial TikTok sebagai alat pemasaran digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemanfaatan AI dan pemanfaatan TikTok terhadap kinerja UMKM kuliner di Jakarta dengan pengetahuan kewirausahaan sebagai variabel mediasi pada pengaruh pemanfaatan AI dan pemanfaatan TikTok terhadap pengaruh kinerja UMKM tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan kriteria berupa pelaku UMKM kuliner di Jakarta yang memiliki akun TikTok dan telah menjalankan usahanya selama minimal satu tahun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner berbasis Google Forms dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan software SmartPLS 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan AI memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengetahuan kewirausahaan, sedangkan pemanfaatan TikTok memiliki pengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan. Selain itu, pengetahuan kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja bisnis. Kemudian, pengetahuan kewirausahaan mampu memediasi hubungan antara pemanfaatan AI terhadap kinerja bisnis, namun tidak mampu memediasi hubungan antara pemanfaatan TikTok terhadap kinerja bisnis.
MSMEs are a strategic sector in the Indonesian economy because they play a role in increasing national income, absorbing labor, and strengthening the local economy. However, high business competition and changes in consumer behavior in the digital era require businesses to adapt to technology, including AI and TikTok social media as a digital marketing tool. This study aims to analyze the influence of the use of AI and the use of TikTok on the performance of culinary MSMEs in Jakarta with entrepreneurial knowledge as a mediating variable on the influence of the use of AI and the use of TikTok toward the MSMEs’ performance. This study uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling with the criteria being culinary MSME actors in Jakarta who have a TikTok account and have been running the business for at least one year. Data collection was carried out through a Google Form-based questionnaire and the collected data was analyzed by using SmartPLS 4 software. The results show that the use of AI has a positive and significant influence on entrepreneurial knowledge, while the use of TikTok has a positive but insignificant influence. In addition, entrepreneurial knowledge has a positive and significant effect on business performance. Then, entrepreneurial knowledge is able to mediate the relationship between the use of AI and business performance, but it is unable to mediate the relationship between the use of TikTok and business performance.
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