Analisis kadar vitamin D terhadap lemak tubuh, otot rangka, dan kekuatan otot pada mahasiswa kedokteran program studi profesi tahap awal

Main Article Content

Frisca
Alexander Halim Santoso
Daniel Goh
Gracienne

Abstract

Vitamin D berperan penting dalam metabolisme tulang, imunomodulasi, serta fungsi otot dan lemak tubuh. Mahasiswa kedokteran tahap klinik awal termasuk kelompok rentan defisiensi vitamin D akibat gaya hidup sedentari dan minimnya paparan sinar matahari karena padatnya kuliah.  Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kadar vitamin D terhadap lemak tubuh, otot rangka, dan kekuatan otot tangan pada kelompok tersebut. Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada 96 mahasiswa kedokteran tahap klinik awal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tarumanagara. Kadar vitamin D diukur melalui serum 25(OH)D, sedangkan komposisi tubuh (total lemak, lemak viseral, lemak subkutan, dan total otot rangka) dievaluasi menggunakan bioimpedansi. Kekuatan otot tangan diukur dengan handgrip dynamometer digital. Analisis korelasi menggunakan uji Spearman Rank. Rerata kadar vitamin D pada studi ini sebesar 61,41 ± 16,82 ng/mL. Hasil studi didapatkan korelasi negatif signifikan antara kadar vitamin D dengan total lemak tubuh (r = –0.201; p = 0.049) dan lemak subkutan (r = –0.219; p = 0.032) serta tidak ditemukan korelasi signifikan antara vitamin D dengan lemak viseral (r = –0.056; p = 0.588), otot rangka (r = 0.167; p = 0.104), maupun kekuatan genggaman tangan (r = 0.046; p = 0.656). Sebaliknya, ditemukan korelasi negatif kuat antara total lemak tubuh dan otot rangka (r = –0.795; p < 0.001), serta korelasi positif signifikan antara otot rangka dan kekuatan genggaman tangan (r = 0.463; p < 0.001). Studi ini disimpulkan bahwa kadar vitamin D berhubungan negatif dengan lemak subkutan, namun tidak berkorelasi dengan kekuatan otot atau massa otot rangka. Hasil ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya pemantauan status vitamin D dan komposisi tubuh pada mahasiswa kedokteran.

Article Details

Section
Artikel Asli

References

1. Kirwan R. Differential effects of vitamin D on upper and lower body fat-free mass: potential mechanisms. Mol Biol Rep. 2023;50(1):883–8.

2. Montenegro KR, Cruzat V, Carlessi R, Newsholme P. Mechanisms of Vitamin D action in skeletal muscle. Nutr Res Rev. 2019;32(2):192–204.

3. Trinidad-Fernández M, González-Molina F, Moya-Esteban A, Roldán-Jiménez C, González-Sánchez M, Cuesta-Vargas A. Muscle activity and architecture as a predictor of hand-grip strength. Physiol Meas. 2020;41(7):075008.

4. Santoso AH, Silaban DYL, Charissa O. Pemetaan awal kadar 25(OH)D dan faktor risiko defisiensi vitamin D pada dewasa muda di Jakarta Barat. Tarumanagara Med J. 2023;5(1):16–25.

5. Musumeci G. Sarcopenia and exercise “The state of the art.” J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2017;2(4):40[11p].

6. Correa-Rodríguez M, Ramírez-Vélez R, Correa-Bautista JE, Castellanos-Vega R del P, Arias-Coronel F, González-Ruíz K, et al. Association of muscular fitness and body fatness with cardiometabolic risk factors: The FUPRECOL study. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1–13.

7. Garrahan M, Gehman S, Rudolph SE, Tenforde AS, Ackerman KE, Popp KL, et al. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D is Associated With Bone Microarchitecture and Strength in a Multiracial Cohort of Young Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(9):E3679–88.

8. Zhu K, Oddy WH, Holt P, Ping-Delfos WCS, McVeigh J, Straker L, et al. Relationship between Vitamin D status from childhood to early adulthood with body composition in young Australian adults. J Endocr Soc. 2019;3(3):563–76.

9. Doğan Y, Kara M, Culha MA, Özçakar L, Kaymak B. The relationship between vitamin D deficiency, body composition, and physical/cognitive functions. Arch Osteoporos. 2022;17(1):66.

10. Cominacini M, Fumaneri A, Ballerini L, Braggio M, Valenti MT, Dalle Carbonare L. Unraveling the Connection: Visceral Adipose Tissue and Vitamin D Levels in Obesity. Nutrients. 2023;15(19):1–14.

11. Fox FAU, Koch L, Breteler M, Aziz N. 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with greater grip strength across adult life span : a population-based cohort study. Endocr Connect. 2023;12(4):e220501.

12. Vimaleswaran KS, Berry DJ, Lu C, Tikkanen E, Pilz S, Hiraki LT, et al. Causal Relationship between Obesity and Vitamin D Status Causal Relationship between Obesity and Vitamin D Status : Bi-Directional Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Multiple Cohorts. PLOS Med.2013;10(2):e1001383

13. Park CY, Shin Y, Kim JH, Zhu S, Jung YS, Han SN. Effects of high fat diet-induced obesity on vitamin D metabolism and tissue distribution in vitamin D deficient or supplemented mice. Nutr Metab. 2020;17(1):1–12.

14. Li Y feng, Zheng X, Gao W lan, Tao F, Chen Y. Association between serum vitamin D levels and visceral adipose tissue among adolescents: a cross-sectional observational study in NHANES 2011–2015. BMC Pediatr. 2022;22(1):1–14.

15. Kulkarni B, Kuper H, Kinra S, Charyulu M, Ben-Shlomo Y, Smith G, et al. Relationship of Vitamin D Status with Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength in Young Indian Adults – Evidence from Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study Cohort. Eur J Nutr Food Saf. 2015;5(5):918–9.

16. Wu H, Ballantyne CM, Wu H, Ballantyne CM. Skeletal muscle inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity Skeletal muscle inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. J Clin Invest. 2017;127(1):43–54.

17. Webster JM, Kempen LJAP, Hardy RS, Langen RCJ. Inflammation and Skeletal Muscle Wasting During Cachexia. Front Physiol. 2020;11:597675.

18. Abdullah MY, Alqwaidi SD, Alshehri AM, Alamry FA, Alamri RS. Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Its Role in the Development of Insulin Resistance. J Healthcare Sci. 2024;4(10):448–54.

19. Das D, Goswami H. Exercise Capability with Total Body Fat Percent & Skeletal Muscle Percent in Male Students aged 18 - 25 Years : A Correlational Study. Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities. 2023;6(9):1856–71.

20. Riviati N, Indra B. Relationship between muscle mass and muscle strength with physical performance in older adults : A systematic review. Sage Open Med. 2023;11:20503121231214650.

21. Semenova EA, Kikuchi N, Homma H, Kozuma A, Saito M, Zempo H, et al. Identification of Genomic Predictors of Muscle Fiber Size. Cells. 2024;13(14):1212[13p].