PERBANDINGAN HASIL KUESIONER GERD-Q DAN GEJALA GERD PADA KELOMPOK YANG MENJALANKAN PUASA RAMADHAN DAN TIDAK
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Abstract
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a form of gastrointestinal motility disorder, where stomach contents reenter the esophagus and oral cavity, causing symptoms and complications. GERD is a condition that is quite often experienced, where the prevalence estimated at 8 - 33% worldwide. One of the suspected cause of GERD is Ramadan fasting, which has been routinely carried out by Muslim groups. This study aims to prove whether Ramadan fasting triggers GERD. A cross-sectional study (survey) conducted online via Google form on the last three days of the fasting month (21 May 2020 - 23 May 2020). The variables in this study were respondents who fasted Ramadan and those who did not fast, also the total value of the GERD-Q questionnaire along with the final conclusions. Statistical analysis using Chi square with Yates Correction and Independent T-test with Mann Whitney Alternative Test. 311 respondents met the inclusion criteria. The results of Mann Whitney statistical test found that there was no difference in the mean value of the total GERD-Q questionnaire between the fasting and non-fasting groups (p-value: 0.313). Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction results found no significant relationship between fasting and incidence of GERD (p-value: 0.552), although clinically there was a possibility of fasting had a risk of 1,228 (95% CI: 0.772 -2,088) times to trigger GERD incident.as Conclusion, Ramadan fasting has not been shown to improve GERD symptoms. Further research needs to be done through longitudinal studies.
Keywords: GERD; digestion; Ramadan fasting
ABSTRAK
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) merupakan suatu bentuk gangguan motilitas saluran cerna, dimana isi lambung masuk kembali ke dalam esofagus dan rongga mulut, sehingga menyebabkan gejala dan komplikasi. GERD merupakan kondisi yang cukup sering dialami, dimana prevalensinya diperkirakan mencapai 8 – 33% di seluruh dunia. Salah satu faktor yang diperkirakan sebagai penyebab GERD adalah puasa Ramadhan yang selama ini rutin dijalankan oleh kelompok Muslim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah puasa Ramadhan mencetuskan kejadian GERD. Penelitian potong lintang (survei) yang dilaksanakan secara online melalui google form pada tiga hari terakhir bulan puasa Ramadhan 2020 (21 Mei 2020 – 23 Mei 2020). Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah responden yang berpuasa Ramadhan maupun yang tidak berpuasa Ramadhan dan nilai total kuesioner GERD-Q beserta kesimpulan akhir dari kuesioner GERD-Q. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji statistik Chi square with Yates Correction dan Independent T-test dengan Uji Alternatif Mann Whitney. 311 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil uji statistik Mann Whitney tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata nilai total kuesioner GERD-Q antara kelompok yang berpuasa dan tidak berpuasa (p-value : 0,313). Hasil uji statistik Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction didapatkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna antara berpuasa dengan kejadian GERD (p-value : 0,552), walaupun secara klinis ditemukan adanya kemungkinan yang berpuasa lebih berisiko 1,228 (CI 95% : 0,772 -2,088) kali untuk mencetuskan kejadian GERD. Sebagai kesimpulan, Puasa Ramadhan tidak terbukti meningkatkan gejala-gejala GERD. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut melalui studi longitudinal untuk tindak lanjut hasil penelitian ini.
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