PENURUNAN DERAJAT AKNE VULGARIS SETELAH PENGGUNAAN KOMBINASI KRIM ANTI AKNE DI JAKARTA BARAT
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Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a local inflammation of the pilosebaceous glands. According to Indonesian Cosmetics Dermatology Study, there was an increase in the prevalence of acne vulgaris in 2006-2009. Female adolescents aged 14-17 years have a prevalence of 83-85%, while male adolescents aged 16-19 years have 95-100% prevalence. Acne vulgaris has a significant impact on adolescents, physically and psychologically. Accuracy in the treatment of acne vulgaris is an important step because it affects patient’s prognosis. Topical combination of anti-acne creams cointaining retinoid, antibiotics and corticosteroids is one of the best choices because all the components needed to treat acne can be combined. The purpose of this study is to determine the proportion of adolescents aged 14-19 years who suffer acne vulgaris with mild, moderate, and severe degrees before and after the intervention was given, to determine if the intervention given is related to decreasing of acne vulgaris severity, and to determine the proportion of adolescent patients with acne vulgaris which have been given intervention and experiencing a decrease in acne vulgaris severity. This is a clinical trial with an experimental research design. The study was conducted at SMKN 35 West Jakarta in September-November 2019 with non-random consecutive sampling techniques. The intervention given were a combination of anti-acne creams containing Clindamycin 3%, Tretinoin 0.05%, and Dexamethasone 0.05%. Wilcoxon statistical test is used to measure differences in severity of acne vulgaris before and after the intervention. The results obtained showed significant decrease in acne vulgaris severity (p-value <0.001) between measurements due to the intervention. It can be concluded that the combination of anti-acne creams containing Clindamycin 3%, Tretinoin 0.05%, and Dexamethasone 0.05% can significantly decrease the severity of acne vulgaris.
Keywords: Acne vulgaris; Tretinoin; Clindamycin; Dexamethasone
Abstrak
Akne vulgaris adalah inflamasi atau peradangan setempat pada kelenjar pilosebasea. Menurut Studi Dermatologi Kosmetika Indonesia, pada tahun 2006-2009 terdapat peningkatan prevalensi akne vulgaris. Remaja wanita usia 14-17 tahun memiliki prevalensi sebesar 83-85%, sedangkan pria usia 16-19 tahun sebesar 95-100%. Akne vulgaris mempunyai dampak yang cukup besar bagi para penderita remaja secara fisik dan psikologik. Ketepatan dalam terapi akne vulgaris merupakan langkah yang penting karena berpengaruh pada kesembuhan dan prognosis pasien. Obat topikal kombinasi krim anti akne yang mengandung retinoid, antibiotik dan kortikosteroid merupakan salah satu pilihan terbaik karena semua komponen yang dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi akne dapat digabung menjadi satu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proporsi penderita akne vulgaris pada remaja usia 14-19 tahun dengan derajat akne ringan, sedang dan berat sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi, mengetahui hubungan pemberian intervensi dengan penurunan derajat akne vulgaris dan mengetahui proporsi penderita akne vulgaris pada remaja yang diberikan intervensi dan mengalami penurunan derajat akne vulgaris. Metodologi penelitian adalah uji klinik dengan desain penelitian eksperimental. Penelitian dilakukan di SMKN 35 Jakarta Barat pada periode September – November 2019 dengan teknik non-random consecutive sampling. Intervensi yang diberikan adalah kombinasi krim anti akne yang mengandung Klindamisin 3%, Tretinoin 0.05%, dan Deksametason 0.05%. Analisis asosiasi statistik menggunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon untuk mengukur perbedaan derajat akne vulgaris sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan didapatkan perbaikan derajat akne vulgaris yang bermakna (p-value < 0,001) antar pengukuran akibat pemberian intervensi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi krim anti akne dengan kandungan Klindamisin 3%, Tretinoin 0.05%, dan Deksametason 0.05%. dapat menurunkan derajat keparahan akne vulgaris secara bermakna.
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