SISTEM SKORING UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA USIA PRODUKTIF DI KOTA MEDAN (PRELIMINARY STUDY)
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Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic disease that attacks all ages, with multifactorial cause especially lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors for productive age to predict the likelihood of developing hypertension in the future. Methods used Cross-sectional method was applied to the respondents in several factories and offices in Medan in August 2014, and the independent variables were tested using the chi-square test and then conducted a multivariate follow-up test. As Results, 352 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. there are 118 suffering from hypertension. Multivariate analysis was carried out on gender, nutritional status, salt consumption, fast food consumption, exercise, smoking, alcohol, income, amount of children, lack of sleep, psychological conditions, consumption of fatty foods, consumption of foods high in vegetables and fruits, consumption of coffee- soda-tea, chronic disease, routine drug consumption, and contraception pills. The risk factors that can be estimated as predictors of hypertension in the productive age group (backward LR analysis, p-value <0.001 , i.e. salt consumption (p-value <0.001), junk food consumption (p-value 0.001), sleep less than 6 hours (p-value 0.008), vegetable consumption (p-value 0.039), and chronic diseases (p-value 0.006). Conclusion of the study are Five independent variables, salt consumption, fast food, vegetables, lack of sleep and chronic diseases that play role independently of hypertension. We recommend that prognostic scoring for hypertension at productive age be used after further testing in the form of validity and reliability.
ABSTRAK
Hipertensi merupakan penyakit kronis yang menyerang semua usia dengan penyebab multifaktor, terutama gaya hidup. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor risiko pada usia produktif untuk memprediksi kemungkinan terkena hipertensi dikemudian hari. Metode yang digunakan adalah Potong lintang pada responden di beberapa pabrik dan kantor di Kota Medan periode Agustus 2014, serta variabel bebas diuji dengan uji chi-square lalu dilakukan uji lanjutan multivariat. Hasil Penelitian yaitu 352 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. terdapat 118 menderita hipertensi. Analisa multivariat dilakukan pada variabel jenis kelamin, status gizi, konsumsi garam, konsumsi makanan cepat saji, olahraga, merokok, alkohol, penghasilan, banyak anak, kurang tidur, kondisi psikologi, konsumsi makanan berlemak, konsumsi makanan tinggi sayur dan buah, konsumsi kopi-teh-soda, penyakit kronis, konsumsi obat rutin, dan pil KB. Faktor risiko yang dapat diperkirakan sebagai alat prediksi kejadian hipertensi pada kelompok usia produktif (analisis secara “Backward LR, p-value < 0.001), yaitu konsumsi garam (p-value <0,001), konsumsi junkfood (p-value 0,001), lama tidur kurang dari 6 jam (p-value 0,008), konsumsi sayur (p-value 0,039), dan penyakit kronis (p-value 0,006). Kesimpulan yang didapatkan yaitu bahwa Lima variabel bebas yaitu konsumsi garam, makanan cepat saji, sayuran, lama tidur kurang dan penyakit kronis berperan secara mandiri terhadap hipertensi. Kami merekomendasikan skoring prognostik untuk hipertensi pada usia produktif ini digunakan setelah dilakukan uji lanjutan berupa uji kesahihan dan kehandalan.
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