ANALISIS RISIKO DETAIL ENGINEERING PROYEK KONSTRUKSI FASILITAS INDUSTRI DI LINGKUNGAN MULTI-PROYEK DENGAN PENDEKATAN SISTEM DINAMIK
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Abstract
There are construction projects that run simultaneously and simultaneously to meet demands and time and cost constraints. Nowadays, construction projects are increasingly complex and increasing in number. This is done to meet increasingly higher quality of life and sophisticated technological advances. Implementing projects simultaneously and concurrently, known as multi-project, requires different management methods compared to single projects. This is the case with construction projects in the industrial facilities sector, with the main components being design work (engineering), procurement, construction, and installation (construction & installation) of utility equipment and production processes. Detailed engineering work carried out by engineering experts is a product of planning and must be carried out at the design stage. The research problem is how to manage and regulate the need for engineering experts throughout the implementation period when several projects are running simultaneously. Anticipation is needed when a shortage or excess of engineering experts occurs by considering the existing job risks. This research is a case study of construction project implementation in a multi-project environment at a chemical process-based production process industrial facility in West Java. This research concludes that the Dynamic Systems modeling approach provides an opportunity to understand the impact of risk on time, which cannot be done with conventional methods. The need for engineering experts, taking into account the risks of existing work, can be known throughout the implementation period, and anticipation can be made when a shortage or excess of engineering experts occurs.
Keywords: Risk analysis; Detail engineering; Multi-project;Industry facility, System Dynamic
Abstrak
Terdapat proyek-proyek kontruksi yang berjalan secara bersamaan dan simultan untuk memenuhi tuntutan dan batasan waktu dan biaya. Saat ini proyek-proyek konstruksi semakin rumit dan semakin banyak jumlahnya. Hal ini dilakukan untuk memenuhi tingkat kualitas hidup yang semakin tinggi dan adanya kemajuan teknologi yang semakin canggih. Fenomena pelaksanaan proyek-proyek secara simultan dan bersamaan dikenal dengan istilah multi-proyek dan memerlukan cara pengelolaan yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan proyek tunggal. Demikian halnya dengan proyek konstruksi pada sektor fasilitas industri, dengan komponen utama adalah pekerjaan perancangan (engineering), pengadaan (procurement), konstruksi dan pemasangan (contruction & installation) peralatan utilitas dan proses produksi. Pekerjaan detail engineering yang dilakukan oleh tenaga ahli engineering merupakan produk perencanaan dan harus dilakukan pada tahap perancangan. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaiman melakukan pengelolaan dan pengaturan kebutuhan tenaga ahli engineering di sepanjang waktu pelaksanaan ketika beberapa proyek berjalan secara simultan atau bersamaan? Dan diperlukan suatu antisipasi ketika kekurangan atau kelebihan tenaga ahli engineering tersebut terjadi dengan mempertimbangkan risiko pekerjaan yang ada. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi di lingkungan multi-proyek pada fasilitas industri proses produksi berbasis proses kimia yang berlokasi di Jawa Barat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan pemodelan Sistem Dinamik memberikan kesempatan untuk memahami dampak risiko terhadap waktu yang tidak dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan secara konvensional. Kebutuhan tenaga ahli engineering dengan mempertimbangkan risiko pekerjaan yang ada dapat diketahui di sepanjang waktu pelaksanaan dan dapat dilakukan antisipasi ketika kekurangan atau kelebihan tenaga ahli engineering tersebut terjadi.
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