PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENTAL PADA MURID SMU BERDASARKAN KARATERISTIK SOSIODEMOGRAFI

Main Article Content

Lia Hapsari Andayani
Maria Josephine Poerjoto
Tri Erri Astoeti

Abstract

Dental anxiety is a condition when someone feels anxious about dental and oral treatment. Dental anxiety causes patients to avoid dental and oral treatments, thereby increasing the risk of dental and oral health problems. This study aims to determine the differences in the level of dental anxiety in high school students based on sociodemographic characteristics. In this online cross sectional study, a total of 145 students of Loyola College Semarang was participated.  Dental anxiety was assessed using Short Dental Anxiety Inventory (S-DAI) questionnaire which consisted of 9 statements. Mann-Whitney test was performed to measure dental anxiety mean score differences. Chi-Square test was conducted to see the associations between dental anxiety level and sociodemographic characteristics. As many as 60% students had mild to moderate dental anxiety, while 32% students had severe dental anxiety. Students who had never visited a dentist in the past year had higher mean scores (25.14 + 8.39;p=0.022) compared to students who visited a dentist once or more during the past year (21.37 + 8.61). There was significant difference in the mean value of dental anxiety in Loyola College Semarang high school student based on visits to the dentist in the past year.

 

Keywords: dental anxiety; S-DAI; high school student

 

Abstrak

Kecemasan dental merupakan suatu keadaan seseorang merasa cemas terhadap tindakan perawatan gigi dan mulut. Kecemasan dental menyebabkan pasien menghindari perawatan dokter gigi, sehingga meningkatkan risiko masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kecemasan dental pada murid SMU berdasarkan karateristik sosiodemografi. Penelitian cross sectional ini dilakukan secara daring pada 145 murid SMU Kolese Loyola Semarang. Pengukuran kecemasan dental menggunakan instrumen kuesioner Short Dental Anxiety Inventory (S-DAI) yang terdiri dari 9 pernyataan. Uji Mann-Whitney dilakukan untuk melihat perbedaan nilai rata-rata kecemasan dental murid. Uji Chi-Square dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan dental dengan karateristik sosiodemografi murid. Sebanyak 60% murid memiliki kecemasan dental dalam tingkat ringan sampai dengan sedang, sementara 32% murid memiliki kecemasan dental berat. Kelompok murid yang tidak pernah mengunjungi dokter gigi selama satu tahun terakhir memiliki nilai rata-rata lebih tinggi secara signifikan (25,14 + 8,39; p=0,022) dibandingkan dengan kelompok murid yang mengunjungi dokter gigi sebanyak satu kali atau lebih selama satu tahun terakhir (21,37 + 8,61). Terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata kecemasan dental  yang bermakna pada murid SMU Kolese Loyola Semarang berdasarkan kunjungan ke dokter gigi dalam satu tahun terakhir.

Article Details

Section
Articles
Author Biography

Lia Hapsari Andayani, Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Gigi Masyarakat dan Pencegahan, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Trisakti

public health dentistry

References

Abdillah, N. & Saleh, E. (2010). Pengaruh Musik Mozart terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien

Dokter Gigi. Mutiara Med, 10 (1):22–8.

Alshoraim, MA., El-Housseiny, AA., Farsi, NM., Felemban, OM., Alamoudi, NM., Alandejani,

AA. (2018). Effects of child characteristics and dental history on dental fear: cross-

sectional study. BMC Oral Health, 18, 33.

Amir, H. (2016). Penanganan Ansietas Pada Praktek Kedokteran Gigi. Jurnal B-Dent, 3(1): 39 –

Arfajsyah, HS., Permana, I., Salisah, FN. (2018). Sistem Pakar Berbasis Android Untuk

Diagnosa Penyakit Gigi dan Mulut. J Ilm Rekayasa dan Manaj Sist Inf, 4 (2):110–7.

Bachri, S., Cholid, Z., Rochim, A. (2017). Perbedaan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Berdasarkan

Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Tingkat Pendidikan dan Pengalaman Pencabutan Gigi Di RSGM FKG Universitas Jember. e-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehat, 5(1):138–44.

Bahammam, MA. (2016). Validity and reliability of an Arabic version of the state-trait anxiety

inventory in a Saudi dental setting. Saudi Med J, 37(6):668-74.

Berge, KG., Agdal, ML., Vika, M., Skeie, MS. (2016). High fear of intra-oral injections:

prevalence and relationship to dental fear and dental avoidance among 10- to 16-yr-old children. Eur J Oral Sci, 124 (6):572-579.

Cianetti, S., Lombardo, G., Lupatelli, E., Pagano, S., Abraha, I., Montedori, A., Caruso, S.,

Gatto, R., De Giorgio, S., Salvato, R. (2017). Dental fear/anxiety among children and adolescents. A systematic review. Eur J Paediatr Dent, 18 (2):121-30.

Dewi, KKC., Anggaraeni, PI., Valentina, TD. (2018). Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecemasan Dental Pasien Usia Dewasa Muda Sebelum Tindakan Perawatan Gigi di Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat. Bali Dent J, 2 (2):82–7.

Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang. Profil Kesehatan Kota Semarang 2018.dinkes.semarangkota.go.id. 2018.

Doerr, PA., Lang, WP., Nyquist, LV., Ronis, DL. (1998). Factors associated with dental anxiety. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 129 (8):1111-9.

Grisolia, BM., Dos Santos, APP., Dhyppolito, IM., Buchanan, H., Hill, K., Oliveira, BH.

(2021). Prevalence of dental anxiety in children and adolescents globally: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Int J Paediatr Dent, 31 (2):168-183.

Ikeda, N. & Ayuse, T. (2013). Reliability and validity of the short version of the Dental Anxiety

Inventory (S-DAI) in a Japanese population. Acta Med Nagasaki, 58 (3):67–71.

Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018.

Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan Riskesdas Provinsi Jawa Tengah 2018.

Klamer, S., Schwarz, L., Krüger, O., Koch, K., Erb, M., Scheffler, K., Ethofer, T. (2017).

Association between Neuroticism and Emotional Face Processing. Sci Rep, 7:17669.

McGrath, C. & Bedi, R. (2004). The association between dental anxiety and oral health-related

quality of life in Britain. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 32:67-72.

Melisa, MAC., Kandou, JLF., Anindita, PS. (2013). Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Usia

Dewasa Pra Tindakan Pencabutan Gigi di Balai Pengobatan Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Manado. e-GIGI, 1 (2).

Prihastari, L., Ronal, A., Octaviani, M. (2018). Gambaran Status Ketakutan dan Kecemasan

Terhadap Perawatan Gigi Di Wilayah Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu. ODONTO Dent J, 5:116–25.

Saheer, A., Pallavi, SK., Rekha, R., Radha, G. (2015). Dental Anxiety and Oral Health. Int J

oral Heal Med Res, 2 (2):120–2.

Sohn, W. & Ismail, AI. (2005). Regular dental visits and dental anxiety in an adult dentate

population. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 136 (1): 58-66.

Stouthard, MEA. & Hoogstraten, J. (1990). Prevalence of dental anxiety in the Netherlands.

Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 18:139-142.

Yahya, NB., Leman, MA., Hutagalung, BS. (2016). Gambaran Kecemasan Pasien Ekstraksi

Gigi di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (RSGM) UNSRAT. Pharmacon, 5 (1):39–45.

Zinke, A., Hannig, C., Berth, H. (2019). Psychological distress and anxiety compared amongst

dental patients-results of a cross-sectional study in1549 adults.BMC Oral Health,19 (1):27.