PERAN HIDRASI KULIT DAN PERBAIKAN SAWAR KULIT PADA XEROSIS DAN PRURITUS DI USIA LANJUT
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Abstract
Pendahuluan: Proses penuaan kulit menyebabkan perubahan kulit pada usia lanjut. Terjadi penurunan kadar hidrasi dan perubahan sawar kulit yang akan bermanifestasi pada perubahan struktur kulit dan menimbulkan xerosis serta pruritus. Metode Penelitian: Literatur dikumpulkan secara elektronik maupun tertulis dari PubMed, Sinta dan buku ajar dermatologi geriatrik dengan total 46 literatur berbahasa Inggris maupun Indonesia. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Pada kulit usia lanjut terjadi penurunan kemampuan kulit untuk mempertahankan air pada stratum korneum, sehingga menyebabkan penurunan kadar hidrasi kulit. Proses diferensiasi sel kulit pada usia lanjut lebih lambat dibandingkan usia muda, hal ini menyebabkan terganggunya permeabilitas kulit dan penurunan fungsi sawar kulit. Perubahan fisiologis tersebut dapat diperberat dengan adanya penyakit metabolik pada usia lanjut berupa diabetes melitus. Tatalaksana xerosis dan pruritus dapat berupa topikal dan oral yang bersifat simptomatik dengan tujuan meningkatkan hidrasi kulit dan menunjang struktural sawar kulit. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Peran hidrasi dan sawar kulit sangat penting dalam menjaga kelembaban kulit pada orang usia lanjut. Penurunan fungsi sawar kulit dan kadar hidrasi kulit dapat disebabkan oleh karena faktor ekternal maupun internal, sehingga dibutuhkan tata laksana yang komprehensif pada kulit orang usia lanjut untuk menjaga kadar hidrasi kulit dan sawar kulit.
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