Sumber dan cara penularan Mycobacterium leprae

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Published: May 15, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24912/tmj.v2i2.7860
Keywords:
Mycobacterium leprae kusta sumber penularan cara penularan

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Hari Darmawan
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tarumanagara
Rusmawardiana Rusmawardiana
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Abstract

Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) merupakan kuman basil tahan asam penyebab penyakit kusta bersifat obligat intraseluler dan tidak dapat dibiakkan pada media buatan. M. leprae hidup di makrofag dan sel Schwann serta tumbuh pada jaringan bersuhu dingin seperti kulit, mukosa hidung, dan saraf tepi. Insidens penderita baru kusta tidak menurun, meski prevalens kusta terus menurun seiring dengan program pemberantasan kusta secara masal dengan metode multi drugs therapy (MDT) WHO. Hal ini diperkuat dengan banyak kasus baru ditemukan tanpa ada riwayat kontak. Salah satu penyebab diduga ada sumber nonmanusia dari basil kusta terus menjadi sumber infeksi seperti hewan dan lingkungan. Cara penularan penyakit kusta masih belum diketahui pasti, namun diperkirakan melalui kontak langsung dari penderita kusta tipe lepromatosa ke orang lain.

Article Details

Issue
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): TARUMANAGARA MEDICAL JOURNAL
Section
Tinjauan Pustaka
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Author Biography

Rusmawardiana Rusmawardiana, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Departemen Dermatologi dan Venereologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

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