REGULASI DIRI ORANG TUA DALAM PENGASUHAN ANAK AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER DI MASA PANDEMI
Main Article Content
Abstract
Parenting of Autism Spectrum Disorder children has great challenges especially during the covid-19 pandemic due to reduced social support, increased parental duties, and the child behavior. Parental self-regulation is important because it affects positive parenting practices, which support the optimization of children's development. This study aims to understand the description of parental self-regulation in parents of Autism Spectrum Disorder children during the covid-19 pandemic. This research is descriptive explanatory design-mixed methods, included 120 parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder completed the “Me as a Parent” questionnaire, measured four parental self-regulation domains: self-efficacy, personal agency, self-management and self-sufficiency. Interviews are conducted on representatives of high, moderate, and low categories of participants to obtain qualitative data. The result shows that most of the participants have moderate category of parental self- regulation, approximately a quarter of the participants in the high category, and a small proportion in the low category. Descriptive data analysis showed that some of the participants had low parental self-regulation, which was supported by qualitative data. Based on the results, a training was designed that aims to improve parental self-regulation of parents with Autism Spectrum Disorder children, through developing domains with discussion and practice.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Penulis yang mempublikasikan jurnal ini setuju dengan ketentuan sebagai berikut:
- Penulis mempertahankan hak cipta dan memberikan jurnal hak publikasi pertama dengan pekerjaan secara bersamaan berlisensi di bawah Creative Commons Attribution yang memungkinkan orang lain untuk berbagi pekerjaan dengan pengakuan kepengarangan karya dan publikasi awal di jurnal ini.
- Penulis mampu untuk masuk ke dalam terpisah, pengaturan kontrak tambahan untuk distribusi non-eksklusif versi diterbitkan jurnal pekerjaan (misalnya, posting ke sebuah repositori institusi atau menerbitkannya dalam sebuah buku), dengan pengakuan publikasi awal di jurnal ini.
- Penulis diizinkan dan didorong untuk mengirim karya mereka secara online.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-Fifth Edition (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
Barros, L., Goes, A. R., & Pereira, A. I. (2015). Parental self-regulation, emotional regulation and temperament: Implications for intervention. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 32(2), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-166X2015000200013
Clauser, P., dkk. (2021). Parenting styles, parenting stress, and behavioral outcomes in children with autism. School Psychology International, 42(1), 33–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034320971675
Crowell, J. A., Keluskar, J., & Gorecki, A. (2019). Parenting behavior and the development of children with autism spectrum disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 90, 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.11.007
Daulay, N. (2021). Home education for children with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic: Indonesian mothers experience. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 114, 103954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103954
Degli Espinosa, F., dkk. (2020). A Model of Support for Families of Children With Autism Living in the COVID-19 Lockdown: Lessons From Italy. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 13(3), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-020-00438-7
Di Renzo, M., dkk. (2020). Parent-Reported Behavioural Changes in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy. Continuity in Education, 1(1), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.5334/cie.20
Hamilton, V. E., Matthews, J. M., & Crawford, S. B. (2015). Development and Preliminary Validation of a Parenting Self-Regulation Scale: “Me as a Parent.” Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(10), 2853–2864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-014-0089-z
Latzer, T., Leitner, Y., & Miller, O. K. (2021). Core experiences of parents of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown Itay. Journal Austism 2021, 25(4), 1047–1059.
Rayan, A., & Ahmad, M. (2017). Psychological Distress in Jordanian Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role of Positive Reappraisal Coping. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31(1), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2016.07.017
Sanders, M. R., & Morawska, A. (2018). Handbook of Parenting and Child Development Across the Lifespan. Springer.
Sanders, M. R., Turner, K. M. T., & Metzler, C. W. (2019). Applying Self-Regulation Principles in the Delivery of Parenting Interventions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 22(1), 24–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-019-00287-z
Santrock, J. W. (2019). Life Span Development – Seventh Edition (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Sastry, A., & Aguirre, B. (2012). Parenting your child with autism: practical solutions, strategies, and advice for helping your family. New Harbinger Publications.
Soetikno, N., Heng, P. H., Putri, N. P., & Pertiwi, I. A. (2021). Peningkatan Ketangguhan dan Kelekatan Orangtua Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus dalam Mengatasi Stres Pengasuhan di Masa Pandemik Covid-19. Jurnal Bakti Masyarakat Indonesia, 4(2), 366–372.
Thorell, L. B., dkk. (2021). Parental experiences of homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic: differences between seven European countries and between children with and without mental health conditions. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01706-1
Ventola, P., dkk. (2017). Parenting a Child with ASD: Comparison of Parenting Style Between ASD, Anxiety, and Typical Development. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47(9), 2873–2884. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3210-5