The Evolution of Political Party in Indonesia: PSI Towards a Digital Party
Article Sidebar
Read Counter : 514
Download : 1036
Main Article Content
Abstract
Internet penetration and technological developments have transformed society into a digital community. Political communication cannot run stagnant but continues to advance following developments. In Europe, this digitalization phenomenon gave birth to a new form in the political field, namely the birth of digital parties. The term digital party cannot be applied to political parties that use social media as a means of communication, but rather a party that upholds and applies digital philosophy in its internal and external communication. Paolo Gerbaudo sparked the idea of a Digital Party with five main criteria: cloud-based parties, participationism, hyperleader, superbase and plebiscitarianism 2.0. The main goal of digital parties is to empower people in an idealistic democratic sphere. In Indonesia, Partai Solidaritas Indonesia (PSI) is well-known as a political party filled with youngsters and uses digital apps for political communication. After the 2019 General Election ended and failed to enter the central parliament (DPR RI), PSI presented a digital platform called the Solidarity Application for the public. The Solidarity Apps is expected to bring PSI's elected district legislative members (DPRD) closer to the public. PSI is the first political party to present this digital medium to the public. This qualitative case study research examines three things academically: Firstly, why does PSI use the Solidarity Application as a form of political communication? Secondly, knowing the use of the Solidarity Application. Lastly, understanding PSI's position within the framework of the Digital Party concept of Paulo Gerbaudo. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with Director of Digital Platform of PSI, Sigit Widodo and a Member of the District Legislative from PSI, Yoel Yosaphat. This paper argues that PSI cannot yet be categorized as a digital party. Nonetheless, PSI is already in the right direction to evolve as a digital party in Indonesia because evolution is a process that takes time. Several obstacles in the pursuit of a digital party are discussed.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Jurnal Komunikasi Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.References
Abdulsalam, H. (2018). Hai Bro-Sis PSI, Ada yang Bisa Dipelajari dari Perancis dan India. Tirto.Id. https://tirto.id/hai-bro-sis-psi-ada-yang-bisa-dipelajari-dari-perancis-dan-india-cJpx
Alam, S. (2019). STRATEGY OF POLITICAL PARTY CAMPAIGN ON SOCIAL MEDIA (Case Study of Partai Soldaritas Indonesia in Criticizing the Indonesian Parliament Through YouTube). ICCD, 2(1), 494–499. https://doi.org/10.33068/iccd.Vol2.Iss1.196
Alam, S. (2021). Penggunaan Media Sosial Sebagai Alat Komunikasi Politik. Avant Garde, 9(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.36080/ag.v9i1.1257
Alfiyani, N. (2018). MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI POLITIK. Potret Pemikiran, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.30984/pp.v22i1.762
Alvin, S. (2019). Manajemen Citra Politik Prabowo Subianto Dan Sandiaga Uno Melalui Akun @Prabowo Dan @Sandiuno. KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Dakwah Dan Komunikasi, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.24090/komunika.v13i2.2538
Alvin, S. (2022). Komunikasi Politik di Era Digital: dari Big Data, Influencer Relations & Kekuatan Selebriti, hingga Politik Tawa (1st ed., Vol. 1). Deepublish. https://penerbitbukudeepublish.com/shop/buku-komunikasi-politik/
Anshari, F. (2013). Komunikasi Politik di Era Media Sosial. Jurnal Komunikasi, 8(1), 91–102.
Apriliansyah, M. (2020). EFEKTIVITAS PELAYANAN RUMAH ASPIRASI ANGGOTA DPR RI DALAM MENYERAP ASPIRASI MASYARAKAT DI DAERAH PEMILIHAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19. Jurnal Sekretari & Administrasi, 18(2), 24–34.
Arianto, B. (2016). Fenomena Relawan Politik dalam Kontestasi Presidensial 2014. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 18(2), 130. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.13128
Asshiddiqie, J. (2006). Partai Politik dan Pemilihan Umum sebagai Instrumen Demokrasi. Jurnal Konstitusi, 3(4), 6–27. https://www.mkri.id/public/content/infoumum/ejurnal/pdf/BOOK_Volume3nomor4Des2006.pdf#page=7
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020). Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020. BPS. https://demakkab.bps.go.id/news/2021/01/21/67/hasil-sensus-penduduk-2020.html
Calderaro, A. (2014). Internet Politics Beyond the Digital Divide (pp. 3–17). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04666-2_1
Cangara, H. (2016). Komunikasi Politik: Konsep, Teori, dan Praktik (5th ed.). Rajawali Pers.
Chadwick, A. (2006). Internet Politics: States, Citizen, and New Communication Technologies. Oxford University Press.
Fadli, I. (2019). Gandeng ICW, PSI Bekali 67 Anggota Legislatif Terpilih Agar Tidak Korupsi. Merdeka.Com. https://www.merdeka.com/politik/gandeng-icw-psi-bekali-67-anggota-legislatif-terpilih-agar-tidak-korupsi.html
Farazian, T. A., & Paskarina, C. (2021). Political marketing in the 2019 local election: A case of the Indonesia solidarity party in the legislative election in Jakarta. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(5), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0119
Fauzi. (2021). Puspoll: Tingkat Kepercayaan Publik pada DPR dan Parpol Terendah. Antara. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2171106/puspoll-tingkat-kepercayaan-publik-dpr-dan-parpol-terendah
Forum Masyarakat Peduli Parlemen Indonesia. (2021). Refleksi 20 Tahun Formappi Mengkritisi DPR. Formappi. http://parlemenindonesia.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/3.-REFLEKSI-20-TAHUN-FORMAPPI-MENGRITISI-DPR.pdf
Gerbaudo, P. (2018). The digital party : political organisation and online democracy. Pluto Press. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-digital-party(3b493088-e395-4251-9860-3fa7b64e8c16).html
Gerbaudo, P. (2019). The platform party: The transformation of political organisation in the era of big data. https://www.uwestminsterpress.co.uk/site/books/10.16997/book29/download/2524/#page=192
Halim, D. (2019). Tak Lolos ke DPR, PSI Jadikan Pemilu 2019 Modal untuk Pemilu Berikutnya. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2019/05/21/12144241/tak-lolos-ke-dpr-psi-jadikan-pemilu-2019-modal-untuk-pemilu-berikutnya
Harjanto, N. (2011). Politik Kekerabatan dan Institusionalisasi Partai Politik di Indonesia. Analisis CSIS, 40(2), 138–159. https://www.academia.edu/download/36869050/harjanto-politik-kekerabatan.pdf
Hartiana, T. I. P., Setyarinata, A. W., & Nugraheni, Y. (2020). Citra politik Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono dan Joko Widodo di media sosial. PRofesi Humas Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hubungan Masyarakat, 4(2), 155. https://doi.org/10.24198/prh.v4i2.21319
Haryono, C. G. (2020). Ragam Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Komunikasi. In Jejak (1st ed., Vol. 1). Jejak Publisher. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=7RwREAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Ragam+Metode+Penelitian+Kualitatif&ots=WtN4UbP_Ci&sig=4ddH0USc804m0JdIc6OouqnGCOs&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ragam Metode Penelitian Kualitatif&f=false
Kemp, S. (2021). Digital in Indonesia: All the Statistics You Need in 2021 — DataReportal – Global Digital Insights. We Are Social. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-indonesia
Kuswarno, E. (2017). Potret Wajah Masyarakat Digital Indonesia. Jurnal Communicate, 1(1), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.31479/JC.V1I1.36
McNair, B. (2017). An introduction to political communication: Sixth edition. In An Introduction to Political Communication: Sixth Edition. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315750293
Nadlir, M. (2018). PSI Targetkan Dapat Sumbangan Rp 1 Triliun dari 1 Juta Donatur Setiap Tahun. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2018/01/19/23122281/psi-targetkan-dapat-sumbangan-rp-1-triliun-dari-1-juta-donatur-setiap-tahun
Partai Solidaritas Indonesia. (2021). Tentang PSI – Partai Solidaritas Indonesia. PSI.Id. https://psi.id/tentang-psi/
Pratiwi, A. (2018). Representasi Citra Politik Harry Tanoesoedibjo (Studi Semiotika Roland Barthes Dalam Video Mars Partai Perindo). Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi, 11(2), 17. https://doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v11i2.1426
Priyasmoro, M. (2018). Survei Charta Politika: Kepercayaan publik terhadap parpol masih rendah | merdeka.com. Merdeka.Com. https://www.merdeka.com/politik/survei-charta-politika-kepercayaan-publik-terhadap-parpol-masih-rendah.html
Putri, B. (2021). Survei LSI Soal Kepercayaan Publik: DPR dan Parpol Urutan Paling Buncit - Nasional Tempo.co. Tempo. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1435647/survei-lsi-soal-kepercayaan-publik-dpr-dan-parpol-urutan-paling-buncit
Ramadhan, A. (2020). Peringati HUT ke-6, PSI Akan Luncurkan Aplikasi yang Dijanjikan pada Pemilu 2019. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/10/31/15405771/peringati-hut-ke-6-psi-akan-luncurkan-aplikasi-yang-dijanjikan-pada-pemilu
Undang-Undang RI Nomor 2 Tahun 2011 tentang Perubahan Atas UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 tentang Partai Politik, (2011) (testimony of Republik Indonesia).
Robin, P., Fendista, S., & Adiwinata, A. (2020). Manuver dan Momentum Politik Joko Widodo: Analisis Wacana Kritis #JKWVLOG. Calathu: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(1), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.37715/calathu.v2i1.1259
Saptanti, E. I. (2020). Analisis Manajemen Impresi Ma’ruf Amin dalam Debat Pilpres 2019. Ultimacomm: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 12(2), 262–284. https://doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v12i2.1573
Sucahyo, N. (2019). Relawan Politik: Mereka yang Terpanggil untuk Bergerak . VOA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/relawan-politik-mereka-yang-terpanggil-untuk-bergerak-/4877691.html
Uzunoglu, S. (2019). Interview With Paolo Gerbaudo on Digital Parties: The Era of Hyper-leaders and Start-up Parties. Moment Dergi, 6(2).
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications. Sixth Edition. Sage Publication.