PERANAN PENGEMUDI DALAM KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS JALAN: LITERATURE REVIEW
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Abstract
One of problem in road transport is accident and based on data the main cause of accident is human or driver. The purpose of this study is to identify the role of human (driver) in accident process. This study will be analyzed the role of driver in road accident based on literature review result. The results show that a driver has major role, first, he must have and knows his capability (state awareness), secondly, he understands the task demand (risk awareness), and thirdly, he is able to decrease the task demand if his capability is under the task demand (calibration). The driver's capability is influenced by the competence and human factor ie. physical and non-physical conditions during the driving. Task demands are a combination of environment conditions such as road conditions, vehicle, other road users and surrounding nature. Nevertheless, the driver also contributes to the increasing or the descreasing the task demand itself, namely his driving behaviour and speed during driving. All the above shows that the driver has a major role in the process of an accident.
Abstrak
Salah satu masalah utama transportasi jalan adalah kecelakaan dan berdasarkan data penyebab utamanya manusia atau pengemudi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peranan manusia (pengemudi) dalam proses terjadinya kecelakaan. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis peranan pengemudi dalam kecelakaan jalan berdasarkan hasil dari kajian pustaka. Dari hasil pembahasan diperoleh bahwa pengemudi memiliki peranan yang besar dalam proses terjadinya kecelakaan. Pengemudi memiliki tanggung jawab, pertama, dia harus memiliki dan mengetahui kemampuannya dalam berkendara (state awareness), kedua, dia harus mengetahui risiko (tuntutan tugas) yang dihadapi (risk awareness) dan ketiga, ia harus dapat mengurangi tuntutan tugas jika kemampuannya berada di bawah tuntutan tugas (calibration). Kemampuan mengemudi dipengaruhi oleh kompetensi dan faktor manusia (kondisi fisik dan non fisik) pengemudi selama berkendara. Sedangkan tuntutan tugas merupakan kombinasi dari kondisi lingkungan seperti kondisi jalan, kendaraan, pengguna jalan lain dan kondisi alam. Namun, pengemudi juga berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan atau penurunan tuntutan tugas, yaitu perilaku mengemudi dan kecepatannya selama mengemudi. Karena tanggungjawabnya itu, maka pengemudi memiliki peranan yang sangat besar terhadap terjadinya kecelakaan.
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This work is licensed under Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil (JMTS) Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.References
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