PENGARUH KECEMASAN TERHADAP PENYESUAIAN PERNIKAHAN PADA WANITA PERIMENOPAUSE
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Physical decline will occur gradually in middle adulthood. One of the big things related to the physical condition of middle adult women is the period of perimenopause. Not only physically, the perimenopause period will also affect the emotional aspects of women. In this period, women will experience a higher level of anxiety rather than other developmental periods. The anxiety experienced not only affects the individual, but can also have an impact on the couple, such as affecting marriage satisfaction, marriage quality, and sexual satisfaction. One term that is quite broad and can summarize these aspects is marital adjustment. This study aims to determine the effect of anxiety on marital adjustment in perimenopause women. Participants in this study were 182 women, aged 40-50 years who experienced perimenopause symptoms (hot flashes, vaginal dryness, easy headaches, bone loss, increased levels of bad cholesterol, dry skin, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, decreased sexual desire and fertility, mood changes, irritability, increased symptoms of depression and anxiety). The measuring instruments used in this study were the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). In this study, the analysis technique used is simple linear regression. The results showed a negative effect of anxiety on marriage adjustment (B = -0.583, p <0.01). The higher the anxiety, the lower the marriage adjustment, and vice versa. The amount of influence given by anxiety on marital adjustment is 34%.
Penurunan fisik akan terjadi secara bertahap pada masa dewasa madya. Salah satu hal besar yang berhubungan dengan kondisi fisik pada wanita dewasa madya adalah periode perimenopause. Tidak hanya berpengaruh secara fisik, periode perimenopause juga akan memengaruhi aspek emosional pada wanita. Pada periode ini, wanita akan mengalami tingkat kecemasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada masa perkembangan lainnya. Kecemasan yang dialami tidak hanya berdampak pada individu, namun juga dapat berdampak pada pasangan, seperti memengaruhi kepuasan pernikahan, kualitas pernikahan, dan kepuasan seksual, Salah satu istilah yang cukup luas dan dapat merangkum aspek-aspek terseut adalah penyesuaian pernikahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh kecemasan terhadap penyesuaian pernikahan pada wanita perimenopause. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah 182 wanita, berusia 40-50 tahun yang mengalami simptom perimenopause (hot flashes, rasa kering pada vagina, mudah sakit kepala, pengeroposan tulang, peningkatan kadar kolesterol jahat, kulit kering, sulit berkonsenterasi, mudah lupa, penurunan gairah seksual dan kesuburan, perubahan kondisi mood, mudah tersinggung, peningkatan gejala depresi dan kecemasan). Alat ukur yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) dan Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Pada penelitian ini teknik analisa yang digunakan adalah regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh negatif kecemasan terhadap penyesuaian pernikahan (B = -0.583, p < 0.01). Semakin tinggi kecemasan maka penyesuaian pernikahan akan semakin rendah, dan sebaliknya. Adapun besar pengaruh yang diberikan kecemasan terhadap penyesuaian pernikahan adalah sebesar 34%.
Article Details
References
Abbas, J., Aqeel, M., Abbas, J., Shaher, B., A., J., Sundas, J., & Zhang, W. (2019). The moderating role of social support for marital adjustment, depression, anxiety, and stress: Evidence from Pakistani working and nonworking women. Journal of Affective Disorders, 244, 231–238. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.071
Amin, N. (2019, Agustus 19). Pembinaan keluarga sakinah berbasis masjid/musholla. Bimas Islam. https://bimasislam.kemenag.go.id/post/opini/pembinaan-keluarga-sakinah-berbasis-masjidmusholla
Brandão, T., Brites, R., Pires, M., Hipólito, J., & Nunes, O. (2019). Anxiety, depression, dyadic adjustment, and attachment to the fetus in pregnancy: Actor–partner interdependence mediation analysis. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(3), 294–303. doi: 10.1037/fam0000513
Flores-Ramos, M., Tomassoni, R. S., Guerrero-López, J. B., & Salinas, M. (2017). Evaluation of trait and state anxiety levels in a group of peri- and postmenopausal women. Women & Health, 58(3), 305–319. doi: 10.1080/03630242.2017.1296059
Gamliel, K. H., Dollberg, D. G., & Levy, S. (2018). Relations between parents’ anxiety symptoms, marital quality, and preschoolers’ externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(12), 3952–3963. doi: 10.1007/s10826-018-1212-3
Papalia, D. E., & Feldman, R. D. (2015). Experience human development. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Maroufizadeh, S., Hosseini, M., Foroushani, A. R., Omani-
Samani, R., & Amini, P. (2018). Application of the dyadic data analysis in behavioral medicine research: Marital satisfaction and anxiety in infertile couples. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 18(1), 1-10. doi: 10.1186/s12874-018-0582-y
Rawal, S. (2020). Marital satisfaction among females: Effect of anxiety on overall happiness. International Journal of Information Movement, 5(4), 14–19. http://www.ijim.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Vol-5-Issue-V-15-17-paper-3-sudesh-rawal-MARITAL-SATISFACTION-AMONG-FEMALES.pdf
Santrock, J. W. (2016). Essentials of life-span development (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Sari, D. P., & Puspitawati, H. (2017). Family conflict and harmony of farmers family. Journal of Family Sciences, 2(1), 28-41. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/279468-family-conflict-and-harmony-of-farmers-f-0d964e7b.pdf
Sartika, R. E. A. (2019, Mei 29). Memasuki masa menopause, apa yang terjadi pada tubuh perempuan?. Kompas. https://sains.kompas.com/read/2019/05/29/160400523/memasuki-masa-menopause-apa-yang-terjadi-pada-tubuh-perempuan-?page=all
Spanier, G. B. (1976). Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 38(1), 15. doi: 10.2307/350547
Spielberger, C. D. (1972). Anxiety: Current trends in theory and research on anxiety. New York: Academic Press.
Spielberger, C. D. (1983). State-trait anxiety inventory for adults. California: Mind Garden, Inc.
Stokes, J. E. (2017). Mutual influence and older married adults’ anxiety symptoms: Results from the Irish longitudinal study on ageing. The Gerontologist, 1-11. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnv147
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2018, Desember). The menopause years. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/The-Menopause-Years?IsMobileSet=false
Willy, T. (2019, Juni 28). Perimenopause. Alodokter. https://www.alodokter.com/perimenopause
Whisman, M. A., Pont, A. D., Rhee, S. H., Spotts, E. L., Lichtenstein, P., Ganiban, J. M., … Neiderhiser, J. M. (2018). A genetically informative analysis of the association between dyadic adjustment, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. Journal of Affective Disorders, 237, 18–26. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.105
World Health Organization. (1996). The world health report: Fighting disease forstering development. Geneva: WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data.