PENGARUH TERAPI MUSIK TERHADAP PENURUNAN PERILAKU AGRESI PADA REMAJA
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Abstract
Buss (dalam Baron & Richardson, 2004) mengatakan bahwa perilaku agresi merupakan sebuah tindakan yang bertujuan untuk menyakiti orang lain. Perilaku agresi paling tinggi berada pada masa perkembangan remaja, khususnya pada usia 14 sampai dengan 18 tahun (Farrel et al., 2005; Karriker-Jaffe, Foshee, Ennett, & Suchindran, 2009). Terapi musik merupakan proses penyembuhan yang menggunakan media musik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan fisik, emosional, kognitif, dan sosial pada individu di segala umur (AMTA, 2005). Terapi musik diprediksi dapat menurunkan perilaku agresi pada remaja, terbukti dari berbagai penelitian terdahulu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi musik terhadap penurunan perilaku agresi pada remaja di Jakarta. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menyertakan 30 siswa di SMA X, Jakarta dengan menggunakan teknik purposive-criterion sampling dan quota sampling. Partisipan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, yaitu (a) kelompok terapi musik aktif, (b) kelompok terapi musik pasif, dan (c) kelompok kontrol. Desain penelitian adalah true experiment dengan three-group pretest-posttest, yang menganalisis data dengan Uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terapi musik dapat menurunkan perilaku agresi secara signifikan (p<0.05). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa baik terapi musik aktif maupun terapi musik pasif dapat diterapkan untuk menurunkan perilaku agresi pada remaja.
Buss (in Baron & Richardson, 2004) says that aggressive behavior is an action that aims to hurt others. The highest aggression behavior is occur when the adolescence developed itself time to time, especially at ages 14 to 18 years (Farrel et al., 2005; Karriker-Jaffe, Foshee, Ennett, & Suchindram, 2009). Music therapy is a healing process that uses music media to meet physical, emotional, cognitive, and social needs in individuals of all ages (AMTA, 2005). Music therapy is predicted can be reduce aggressive behavior in adolescence, as evidenced by various previous studies. The purpose of this research is to determine the result of the decreasing aggressive behavior toward the adolescence in Jakarta. In this study, researchers included 30 students at SMA X, Jakarta using purposive-ciretrion sampling and quota sampling techniques. Participants were divided into 3 groups, and the groups are; (a) active music therapy group, (b) passive music therapy group, and (c) control group. The design of this experiment is using a true experiment with three-group pretest-posttest, which analyzes data with ANOVA test. The results showed that music therapy can significantly reduce aggressive behavior (p <0.05). This shows that both active music therapy and passive music therapy can be applied to reduce aggressive behavior in adolescence.
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