GAMBARAN KECEMASAN DAN DEPRESI WANITA DENGAN KANKER PAYUDARA

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Michelle Tania
Naomi Soetikno
Meiske Yunithree Suparman

Abstract

Kanker merupakan penyakit kronis yang banyak diderita oleh individu di seluruh dunia. Hal ini menjadikan kanker dianggap sebagai penyakit yang tidak bisa disembuhkan dan akan menyebabkan kematian bagi penderitanya. Salah satu jenis kanker yang paling banyak diderita oleh wanita yaitu kanker payudara. Kanker payudara merupakan keganasan yang berasal dari kelenjar payudara. Diagnosis kanker payudara akan berdampak kepada keadaan psikologis individu, termasuk kecemasan dan depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kecemasan dan depresi pada pasien wanita dengan kanker payudara. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan alat ukur Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Pada penelitian ini, pengambilan sampling dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 34 orang dengan rata-rata usia 53 tahun dan rata-rata partisipan sudah didiagnosis kanker payudara selama 2 tahun. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipan memiliki tingkat kecemasan hingga mild yaitu sebanyak 7 (20,6%) orang dan 27 (79,4%) lainnya memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang normal. Selain itu, partisipan memiliki tingkat depresi hingga mild yaitu sebanyak 3 (8,8%) orang dan 31 (91,2%) partisipan lainnya memiliki tingkat depresi yang normal. Selain melihat kecemasan dan depresi pada wanita dengan kanker payudara, penelitian ini juga melihat adanya faktor-faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kecemasan dan depresi pada wanita dengan kanker payudara, yaitu faktor religiusitas dan faktor dukungan sosial.

 

Cancer is a chronic disease affection many individuals throughout the world, leading us to consider it an incurable disease and will certainly cause death for those afflicted with it. One of the most common types of cancer in women is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a malignancy originating from the mammary gland. The diagnosis of breast cancer will affect an individual's psychological state in the form of anxiety and depression. This study aims to describe anxiety and depression in female patients with breast cancer. The design of this study is a descriptive study using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) measurement tool. In this study, sampling was conducted using accidental sampling technique. Participants in this study were 34 people with mean age of 53 years and on average, participants had been diagnosed with breast cancer for 2 years. The result of the study showed that participants who had up to mild anxiety levels were as many as 7 (20.6%) people, with 27 (79.4%) others had normal anxiety levels. In addition, as many as 3 participants had up to mild level of depression (8.8%) and 31 (91.2%) other participants had normal depression level. In addition to looking at anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer, this study also looked at other factors that could affect the level of anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer, namely religiosity and social support factors.

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