HUBUNGAN ANTARA TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DENGAN KECEMASAN PADA MAHASISWA DI JAKARTA
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Abstract
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena tingginya tingkat kecemasan pada mahasiswa perguruan tinggi. Banyaknya faktor yang dapat membuat mahasiswa mengalami cemas dapat berdampak pada kesehatan fisik dan mental mahasiswa serta performa akademik mereka. Selain karena faktor eksternal, kecemasan pada mahasiswa juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal seperti tipe kepribadian. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya berhasil melihat adanya korelasi antara tipe kepribadian seseorang dengan kecemasan yang dimilikinya. Oleh karena itu melalui penelitian ini, peneliti ingin melihat apakah tipe kepribadian mahasiswa berhubungan dengan kecemasan atau tidak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 21 laki-laki dan 89 Perempuan. Pengukuran dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson, ditemukan bahwa State-anxiety berkorelasi negatif dan signifikan dengan tipe kepribadian Openness to experience (r = -0.253, p = 0.008) dan Agreeableness (r = -0.294, p = 0.002). Sedangkan, Trait-anxiety berkorelasi negatif dan signifikan dengan tipe kepribadian Extraversion (r = -0.260, p = 0.001) dan Agreeableness (r = -0.325, p = 0.001). Di sisi lain, tipe kepribadian Neuroticism berkorelasi kuat, positif, dan signifikan dengan State-anxiety (r = 0.630, p = 0.000) maupun Trait-anxiety (r = 0.773, p = 0.000). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa yang memiliki kepribadian Agreeableness yang tinggi cenderung tidak merasa cemas ketika dalam situasi yang dirasakan mengancam maupun dalam kesehariannya. Sedangkan tipe kepribadian Neuroticism cenderung merasakan cemas dalam kesehariannya, maupun dalam situasi yang mengancam. Dengan demikian terdapat hubungan antara tipe kepribadian dengan kecemasan pada mahasiswa di Jakarta.
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