PERAN PARENTAL CAREER SPECIFIC BEHAVIOR DAN TRAIT KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP PERILAKU EKSPLORASI KARIR SISWA SMA KELAS XI (STUDI PADA SEKOLAH X DI JAKARTA BARAT)

Main Article Content

Mutiara Mei Permata
Sri Tiatri
Heni Mularsih

Abstract

Pada masa transisi yang dialami saat remaja, individu harus mempersiapkan landasan karir untuk masa dewasa. Persiapan karir ini, secara umum dikenal sebagai pemilihan jurusan di perguruan tinggi, sehingga remaja perlu mengusahakan beragam cara untuk mengidentifikasi alternatif pilihan karir, serta mempertimbangkan berbagai kemungkinan karir (perilaku eksplorasi karir). Ada beragam faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku eksplorasi karir, di antaranya trait kepribadian dan parental career specific behavior. Secara spesifik, ada inkonsistensi dalam hasil penelitian sebelumnya mengenai peran masing-masing dimensi trait kepribadian terhadap perilaku eksplorasi karir, sedangkan peran orang tua terhadap perilaku eksplorasi karir anak lebih banyak diteliti berdasarkan attachment atau pola asuh orang tua, sehingga menghasilkan efek yang linear. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran parental career-specific behavior dan trait kepribadian terhadap perilaku eksplorasi karir. Metode yang digunakan adalah korelasional, dengan 154 partisipan yang merupakan siswa kelas XI SMA X, Jakarta Barat, berusia 16 hingga 17 tahun. Partisipan penelitian dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik non-random sampling, dengan menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa kuesioner, yaitu adaptasi Career Exploration Survey, adaptasi Parental Career-Specific Behavior, dan adaptasi Five Factor Model Short-Form Inventory. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa trait kepribadian memiliki peran terhadap perilaku eksplorasi karir (R2 = 0.493, p < 0.05). Secara spesifik, empat trait kepribadian berperan signifikan dengan arah hubungan yang positif, yaitu openness (? = 1.500, p < 0.05), conscientiousness (? = 1.122, p < 0.05), extraversion (? = 0.756, p < 0.05), dan neuroticism (? = 0.478, p < 0.05); sedangkan trait agreeableness tidak memiliki peran terhadap perilaku eksplorasi karir (? = -0.028, p > 0.05). Variabel berikutnya, parental career-specific behavior juga memiliki peran terhadap perilaku eksplorasi karir (R2=0.693, p < 0.05). Secara spesifik, dimensi parental support dalam parental career specific behavior memiliki peran dengan arah hubungan yang positif (? = 1.785, p < 0.05), sedangkan peran signifikan dengan arah hubungan yang negatif ada pada dimensi parental interference (? = -3.138, p < 0.05) dan dimensi lack of parental engagement (? = -1.088, p < 0.05). Lebih lanjut, secara bersama-sama, trait kepribadian dan parental career-specific behavior memiliki peran yang signifikan terhadap perilaku eksplorasi karir (R2=0.740, p < 0.05).

 

During the transition period experienced in adolescence, individuals must prepare a career foundation known as the selection of majors in college. Adolescents must explore various ways to identify alternative career choices, and consider various possibilities (career exploration behavior). Based on the results of previous studies, there are inconsistencies regarding the role of each personality trait dimension in career exploration behavior, while the role of parents in children's career exploration behavior is more researched based on parent's attachment or parenting, resulting in a linear effect. Therefore, this study aims to determine the role of parental career-specific behavior and personality traits on career exploration behavior. Using correlational research method, 154 participants who were grade XI students of SMA X, West Jakarta were selected using a non-random sampling technique, using total sampling. The instrument is a questionnaire which is an adaptation of the Career Exploration Survey, Parental Career-Specific Behavior, and Five Factor Model Short-Form Inventory. The research data were analyzed using multiple regression test. The result indicates that personality traits contribute to career exploration behavior (R2 = 0.493, p <0.05). Specifically, four personality traits play a significant role with positive direction, namely openness (? = 1,500, p <0.05), conscientiousness (? = 1,122, p <0.05), extraversion (? = 0.756, p <0.05), and neuroticism (? = 0.478, p <0.05); while the agreeableness trait has no role in career exploration behavior (? = -0.028, p> 0.05). Parental career-specific behavior plays a role in career exploration behavior (R2 = 0.693, p <0.05). Specifically, the dimension of parental support in parental career specific behavior plays a role with positive direction (? = 1,785, p <0.05), while the significant role with negative direction can be found in the dimension of parental interference (? = -3,138, p <0.05 ) and the dimension of lack of parental engagement (? = -1.088, p <0.05). Together, personality traits and parental career-specific behavior play a significant role in career exploration behavior (R2 = 0.740, p <0.05).

Keywords: career exploration behavior, parental career-specific behavior, personality trait

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References

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