PENGARUH OPENNESS TERHADAP AKTIVITAS FISIK MELALUI MEDIASI OTONOMI PADA DEWASA MUDA
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Abstract
Indonesia dianggap sebagai negara dengan aktivitas fisik masyarakat yang cukup rendah, sehingga diperlukan promosi aktivitas fisik untuk pencegahan terhadap penyakit degeneratif dan kematian di usia muda. Trait kepribadian dianggap sebagai faktor psikologis kuat dalam identifikasi aktivitas fisik. Penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa trait kepribadian openness signifikan memengaruhi aktivitas fisik. Openness digambarkan sebagai keterbukaan untuk menerima berbagai ide dan pengalaman, serta mampu menghargai keragamannya.. Openness dengan karakteristik keterbukaan memungkinkan individu menerima informasi mengenai pentingnya aktivitas fisik, sehingga mereka lebih aktif melakukan aktivitas. Namun, pengaruh openness tidak konsisten pada beberapa temuan yang lain, sehingga dipertimbangkan adanya variavel lain, seperti otonomi yang memediasi hubungan ini. Otonomi merupakan derajat seberapa individu secara sukarela mau melakukan perilaku tertentu, ketika motivasi melakukan perilaku berasal dari dalam diri, hal ini membuat individu lebih mampu mempertahankan suatu perilaku. Otonomi dianggap mampu meningkatkan aktivitas fisik, karena motivasi internal (otonomi) diperlukan untuk menjaga konsistensi melakukan aktivitas fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji mekanisme hubungan openness dengan aktivitas fisik melalui mediasi otonomi. Penelitian dilakukan melalui lapor diri pada 59 laki-laki dan 144 perempuan dewasa muda berusia 20 – 40 tahun. Melalui analisis process mediasi (Hayes), ditemukan bahwa openness memengaruhi aktivitas fisik secara signifikan ketika dimediasi oleh otonomi.
Indonesia is considered a country with considerably low physical activity, therefore, it is necessary to promote physical activity to prevent degenerative diseases and death at a young age. Personality trait is considered a strong psychological factor in identifying physical activity. Recent research shows that the openness personality trait significantly influences physical activity. Openness is described as being open to accept various ideas and experiences, and is able to appreciate its diversity. Openness with the characteristics of being open allows individuals to receive information about the importance of physical activity, so that they are more active in carrying out activities. However, the effect of openness is inconsistent with some findings, so another variable is considered, such as autonomy which mediates this relationship. Autonomy is the degree to which individuals voluntarily choose to perform certain behaviors, when motivation to carry out behavior originates from within, this makes individuals maintain a behavior better. Autonomy is considered capable of increasing physical activity, because internal motivation (autonomy) is needed to maintain consistency in physical activity. This study aims to examine the mechanism of the relation between openness and physical activity through autonomy mediation. The study was conducted through self- reporting in 59 young adult men and 144 young adult women aged 20-40 years. Through analysis of the mediation process (Hayes), it is found that openness significantly affected physical activity when mediated by autonomy.Keywords: openness, autonomy, physical activity, young adults
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