GAMBARAN RESILIENSI EMERGING ADULTS YANG MENGALAMI PENGABAIAN EMOSIONAL AKIBAT PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA
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Abstract
Pengabaian emosional merupakan salah satu bentuk penganiayaan anak yang paling sering terjadi di Indonesia. Namun, penelitian terdahulu lebih banyak membahas gambaran resiliensi pada individu yang mengalami bentuk penganiayaan anak lain, seperti: kekerasan fisik, kekerasan emosional, dan kekerasan seksual. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran resiliensi pada individu, khususnya emerging adults, yang mengalami pengabaian emosional akibat perceraian orang tua. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Sebelum memperoleh partisipan, peneliti menyebarkan kuesioner skrining untuk mengidentifikasi calon partisipan yang memenuhi kriteria high-conflict divorce. Kuesioner ini dibutuhkan karena pengabaian emosional cenderung terjadi pada saat orang tua mengalami konflik selama perceraian. Berdasarkan hasil seleksi, peneliti menemukan lima subjek yang kemudian diarahkan untuk proses wawancara. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa pengabaian emosional dapat menimbulkan dampak emosi bagi subjek, seperti: marah, sakit hati, kecewa, dan benci terhadap orang tua. Subjek perlu mengembangkan keterampilan pengendalian impuls (impulse control), regulasi emosi (emotion regulation), empati (empathy), dan penjangkauan (reaching out) agar dapat menjadi resilien. Emerging adults yang resilien adalah mereka yang mampu mengendalikan dorongan yang muncul akibat pengabaian emosional, mengekspresikan emosi dengan cara yang tepat, memahami tindakan pengabaian yang dilakukan orang tua, serta mengakses dukungan sosial dari anggota keluarga selain orang tua dan teman sebaya.
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