GAMBARAN KONTROL DIRI PADA PENDERITA OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
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Abstract
Pandemi COVID-19 ditemukan dapat memperburuk gangguan Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), khususnya pada penderita OCD jenis cleaning. OCD adalah gangguan yang ditandai dengan munculnya pikiran atau gambaran yang mengganggu dan/atau perilaku berulang yang dilakukan oleh individu sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi kecemasan. Penderita OCD umumnya merasa tidak memiliki kontrol atas diri mereka sendiri. Kontrol diri adalah kemampuan individu untuk mengendalikan pikiran, perasaan, dan perilakunya dalam menahan atau mengesampingkan keinginannya. Penderita OCD harus memiliki kontrol diri untuk mengatasi obsesi dan/atau kompulsi yang mereka alami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran kontrol diri pada penderita OCD di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 orang penderita OCD jenis cleaning berusia 20-40 tahun yang berdomisili di Jabodetabek. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dari 3 aspek yang terkandung dalam kontrol diri hanya 1 aspek yang dipenuhi oleh ketiga subjek dalam penelitian ini, yaitu kontrol kognitif. Ketiga subjek dalam penelitian ini memenuhi aspek kontrol kognitif dengan melakukan self-reassurance, mempertimbangkan dampak dari perilaku kompulsif, dan mengevaluasi sisi positif dari situasi yang sedang mereka hadapi. Sedangkan 2 aspek kontrol diri lainnya, yaitu kontrol perilaku hanya dipenuhi oleh 1 dari 3 orang subjek dan kontrol keputusan hanya dipenuhi oleh 2 dari 3 orang subjek.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been found to exacerbate Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), especially in cleaning-type OCD sufferers. OCD is a disorder characterized by the appearance of disturbing thoughts or images and/or repetitive behaviors performed by individuals in an attempt to reduce anxiety. People with OCD generally feel they have no control over themselves. Self-control is the ability of individuals to control their thoughts, feelings, and behavior in restraining or overriding their desires. People with OCD must have self-control to deal with their obsessions and/or compulsions. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of self-control in patients with OCD during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a qualitative method and the research subjects consisted of 3 people with cleaning type OCD aged 20-40 years who live in the Greater Jakarta area. Based on the results of the study, of the 3 aspects contained in self-control, only 1 aspect was fulfilled by the three subjects in this study, namely cognitive control. The three subjects in this study fulfilled aspects of cognitive control by doing self-reassurance, considering the impact of compulsive behavior, and evaluating the positive side of the situation they were facing. While the other 2 aspects of self-control, namely behavioral control is only fulfilled by 1 of 3 subjects and decisional control is only fulfilled by 2 of 3 subjects.
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