GAMBARAN KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN REMAJA (STUDI PADA REMAJA DI DAERAH GEMPA BUMI)
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Abstract
Indonesia's territory which is located at the confluence of three major tectonic plates in the world, causes Indonesia to experience frequent natural disasters such as earthquakes. Three areas in Indonesia that experienced major earthquakes in the last 10 years are Aceh, Mataram / Lombok, and Palu. The earthquake not only caused material damage but also psychological trauma. Post-disaster trauma is vulnerable to children and adolescents. Problems experienced from a disaster have an impact on various aspects of life so that they can affect the quality of life of the victim. Quality of life is very important especially for adolescents, because adolescents who have higher quality of life tend to have low physical and psychological problems. Therefore, this study aims to describe the quality of life of adolescents in earthquake areas. Participants in this study were 437 senior high school students aged 12-19 years. All participants came from Aceh (NAD), Mataram (NTB), and Palu (Central Sulawesi). Data collection was carried out through a survey with WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire which consisted of 4 aspects, namely physical, psychological, social, and environmental. Data analysis used descriptive statistical techniques which is processed using the IBM 22.0 version of the SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) computer program and the LISREL 8.80 program. Data collection was carried out before the COVID-19 Pandemic occurred. The results showed that the quality of life of adolescents in terms of physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects in Aceh, Mataram and Palu was classified as moderate. The results of this study can be used as a first step in designing interventions related to the quality of life of adolescents in earthquake areas.
Posisi wilayah Indonesia yang terletak pada pertemuan tiga lempeng tektonik utama di dunia menyebabkan Indonesia sering mengalami bencana alam seperti gempa bumi. Daerah di Indonesia yang mengalami gempa besar dalam 10 tahun terakhir yaitu Aceh, Mataram/Lombok, dan Palu. Gempa tersebut tidak hanya memberikan dampak berupa kerusakan materiil tetapi juga trauma psikologis. Trauma pasca bencana ini rentan dialami oleh anak-anak dan remaja. Masalah yang dialami dari satu peristiwa bencana berdampak pada berbagai aspek kehidupan sehingga dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup korban. Kualitas hidup sangat penting khususnya bagi remaja karena remaja yang memiliki kualitas kehidupan yang tinggi cenderung rendah mengalami permasalahan fisik dan psikologis. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas hidup remaja di daerah gempa. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 437 siswa SMA sederajat berusia 12-19 tahun. Partisipan berasal dari Aceh (NAD), Mataram (NTB), dan Palu (Sulawesi Tengah). Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei melalui kuesioner WHOQOL-BREF yang terdiri dari 4 aspek yaitu fisik, psikologis, sosial dan lingkungan. Analisis data menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif dengan bantuan komputer program SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) versi IBM 22.0. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan sebelum terjadinya pandemi Covid-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas hidup remaja ditinjau dari aspek fisik, psikologis, sosial, dan lingkungan di Aceh, Mataram, dan Palu tergolong sedang. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai langkah awal dalam merancang intervensi terkait kualitas kehidupan remaja di daerah gempa.
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