PENERAPAN METODE TUNJUKKAN DAN CERITAKAN TERHADAP KESIAPAN MEMBACA PADA ANAK TK
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Abstract
Reading readiness is one of the skills given to early childhood through playing while learning. Kindergarten children are given assignments in the form of worksheets and the teacher will ask those children to read and then mention the words back on their worksheet. If the learning system to read like this were practiced repeatedly, the child will get bored. Reading readiness can be done through telling stories and using flash cards. One of the behaviors that show the child is in the reading readiness stage is when a child who is able to use spoken language to express an object. This can be realized through the show and tell method, which is a method that provides opportunities for children to learn new things through storytelling and listening to stories from their friends. This study aims to see the application of the show and tell method on reading readiness of kindergarten children. Participants in this study were 16 TK B students in PAUD FL which were divided into two groups, namely EG (Experiment Group) and CG (Control Group). Participants will be provided with an adapted Reading Readiness Assessment test kit and an Expressive Vocabulary Test as additional analysis given at the beginning and end of the study. The data analysis used an independent sample t-test which resulted that the method show and tell was ineffective for the reading readiness of kindergarten children (t = 1,678; p = 0.114) but the method show and tell was effective in increasing the number of children’s word to describe something (t = 4.961; p = 0.001) and children's vocabulary (t = 4,797; p = 0.002).
Kesiapan membaca merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang diberikan kepada anak usia dini melalui kegiatan bermain sambil belajar. Anak TK diberikan tugas dalam bentuk lembar kerja dan meminta anak untuk membaca lalu menuliskan kembali kata yang ada pada lembar kerja tersebut. Apabila sistem belajar membaca seperti ini dilakukan berulang, maka anak akan merasa jenuh. Kesiapan membaca dapat dilakukan dengan cara bercerita, mendongeng dan penggunaan media flash card. Salah satu perilaku yang menunjukkan anak berada dalam tahap kesiapan membaca adalah anak mampu menggunakan bahasa lisan untuk menceritakan suatu objek. Hal ini dapat diwujudkan dalam metode tunjukkan dan ceritakan, yaitu metode yang memberikan peluang bagi anak untuk belajar hal baru melalui kegiatan bercerita dan mendengarkan cerita teman sekelompoknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas penerapan metode tunjukkan dan ceritakan terhadap kesiapan membaca anak TK. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah 16 murid TK B di PAUD FL yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu KE (Kelompok Eksperimen) dan KK (Kelompok Kontrol). Partisipan akan diberikan alat tes Reading Readiness Assessment yang telah diadaptasi serta Expressive Vocabulary Test sebagai analisis tambahan yang diberikan pada awal dan akhir penelitian. Analisis data menggunakan uji beda yang menunjukkan hasil bahwa metode tunjukkan dan ceritakan tidak efektif terhadap kesiapan membaca anak TK (t = 1.678; p = 0.114) namun metode tunjukkan dan ceritakan efektif untuk meningkatkan jumlah kata anak (t = 4.961; p = 0.001) dan jumlah kosakata anak (t = 4.797; p = 0.002).
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