JUXTAPOSING THE ARCHITECTURE OF TRADITIONAL HOUSES IN SOUTH SULAWESI: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Abstract

Sulawesi Island has a vital role as an ancient shipping transit route that has an impact on cultural acculturation, one of which is represented in the manifestation of traditional house architecture. This study will juxtapose five traditional houses in South Sulawesi to understand how each house reflects the response of nature, community values, and culture. The traditional houses studied are the Langkanae Traditional House (representing Luwuk culture that reflects social hierarchy and power), Tongkonan Traditional House (traditional house of the Toraja people with a curved roof and rich in symbolism), Boyang Traditional House (reflecting the life of the Mandar coastal community), Balla Lompoa Traditional House (traditional house of Gowa, showing luxury and courage), and Bugis Traditional House (depicting the traditions and local wisdom of the Bugis people). This study aims to compare the five traditional houses to understand how each traditional house reflects cultural values, functions, and architectural uniqueness. The analysis method used is narrative-interpretive. Discussion indicators are Proportion, Aesthetic and Symbolic Values, Rules, Tectonics, and the meaning of Space and Architecture. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the common thread that forms the traditional architecture of South Sulawesi includes tiered structures (head, body, and feet), the form of stilt houses; building materials, social and spiritual symbolism; rituals and traditions in building houses; direction and position of the house; ornaments; division of space in the house. The benefit of this research is that it can contribute to maintaining the sustainability of the nation's cultural heritage.