SELF-EFFICACY AS MODERATOR BETWEEN JOB DEMANDS AND WORK ENGAGEMENT (A STUDY ON EMPLOYEES IN SERVICE COMPANIES)

Abstract

The objective of this research is to examine the relationship between job demands (work pressure and hassles) and job engagement with self-efficacy as a moderator among employees working in service companies. Job demands are situations in the work environment that require physical, social, and organizational efforts or anticipation to complete, thus impacting both the physical and psychological aspects. Work pressure is a temporary state experienced by individuals related to their work experiences due to time pressure in completing ongoing tasks and anticipation of new tasks to be completed. Hassles refer to feelings in individuals such as irritation, frustration, and inconvenience due to everyday situations they encounter. Job engagement is a positive, affective state that motivates individuals towards their work and well-being. The study included a total of 247 participants recruited using convenience sampling. The research results indicate that self-efficacy can act as a moderator in the relationship between job demands (work pressure and hassles) and job engagement. In participants with high self-efficacy, increasing work pressure leads to higher job engagement. However, in participants with low self-efficacy, higher work pressure does not necessarily lead to higher job engagement. Regarding the variable of hassles, in participants with low self-efficacy, increasing hassles lead to lower job engagement. Conversely, in participants with high self-efficacy, higher work hassles do not necessarily reduce job engagement.