THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF GRACIOUSNESS SCALE FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA | International Journal of Application on Social Science and Humanities

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Published: May 25, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24912/ijassh.v1i2.27848

Keywords:

Graciousness, unidimensional, exploratory factor analysis

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Pamela Hendra Heng

Faculty of Psychology, University Tarumanagara Jakarta

Fransisca Iriani R. Dewi

Faculty of Psychology, University Tarumanagara Jakarta

Jolly S. Balila

Research Office, Adventist University of the Philippines

Edwin A. Balila

Faculty of Psychology, University Tarumanagara Jakarta

Respati Kusumawardhani

Faculty of Psychology, University Tarumanagara Jakarta

Andre Genta Senjaya

Faculty of Psychology, University Tarumanagara Jakarta

Abstract

Graciousness is one of the important virtues a person should possess. A gracious person can be described as kind and caring no matter what the situation is. They treat others with consideration, and with respect despite disagreement. There is a dearth of scales to measure graciousness. With this premise, this research was conducted to develop a graciousness scale and test its dimensionality. Data were taken from 212 tertiary students from Indonesia and Philippines. The scale consisted of 20 items and was first assumed to be unidimensional. The exploratory factor analysis was conducted and generated a three-factor structures trimming down 20-item graciousness scale into 13-item scale. Factors 1, 2, and 3 are respectively describing respondents’ Altruism, Interpersonal Skills, and Pleasantness. The total variance accounted for is 56.233%. Altruism accounted a variance of 24.781%, while Interpersonal Skills and Pleasantness accounted 16.424% and 15.027% respectively with a determinant of .023. This graciousness scale has theoretical and practical implications that can be used for further research.

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Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): May 2023

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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