GAMBARAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR BAHASA MANDARIN PADA SISWA SMA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19

Main Article Content

Chandra Susanto
Rita Markus Idulfilastri
Zamralita Zamralita

Abstract

Language is very important for humans, as a tool to communicate with other people. According to UNESCO there are 6700 languages spoken in the world. Of the many languages in the world, there are several languages that are most widely used by the world's population. According to the statistics survey institute, the most widely spoken language in the world, apart from English, is Mandarin. Mandarin is a character-based language, which has different writing and pronunciation procedures from other languages, making it very difficult for the world's population to learn. Added to this is the pandemic that requires students to study from home, adding to the difficulty of students in learning Mandarin. The students have a drive from within themselves so that they can face difficulties in learning Mandarin which is called motivation. According to Gardner (cited in Orio, 2012), motivation to learn a foreign language refers to the choices people make about the experiences or goals they will achieve or avoid and the level of effort they will exert. Therefore, the researcher wanted to examine the description of students' motivation to learn Mandarin during the pandemic. This study uses a measuring tool for the Foreign Language Learning Motivation Scale from Tsai & Chang (2013) which has been adapted in the Chinese context. This study involved 116 senior high school students  in Bangka, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The results of this study indicate that the students' motivation to learn Mandarin is at a moderate level. This study also found that there was no difference in the level of motivation to learn Mandarin between male and female students.

Bahasa merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi manusia, sebagai alat untuk berkomunikasi dengan orang lain. Menurut UNESCO terdapat 6700 bahasa yang dipakai didunia. Dari banyaknya bahasa yang ada didunia, terdapat beberapa bahasa yang paling banyak dipakai oleh penduduk dunia. Menurut lembaga survei statista, bahasa yang paling banyak digunakan penduduk dunia, selain bahasa Inggris adalah bahasa Mandarin. Bahasa Mandarin merupakan bahasa yang berbasis karakter, yang memiliki tata cara penulisan dan pelafalan yang berbeda dengan bahasa lainnya, sehingga sangat sulit untuk dipelajari penduduk dunia. Di tambahkan lagi dengan adanya pandemi yang mengharuskan para siswa belajar dari rumah, menambakan kesulitan siswa dalam mempelajari bahasa Mandarin. Para siswa memiliki suatu dorongan dari dalam diri mereka sendiri sehingga mereka dapat menghadapi kesulitan mempelajari bahasa Mandarin yang disebut dengan motivasi. Menurut Gardner (dikutip dalam Orio, 2012), motivasi belajar bahasa asing mengacu pada pilihan yang dibuat orang tentang pengalaman atau tujuan yang akan mereka capai atau hindari dan tingkat upaya yang akan mereka lakukan. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin mengkaji gambaran motivasi belajar bahasa Mandarin para siswa selama pandemi. Penelitian ini melibatkan 116 siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) di Bangka, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur Foreign Language Learning Motivation Scale dari Tsai & Chang (2013) yang telah diadaptasi dalam konteks bahasa Mandarin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar bahasa Mandarin siswa berada pada tingkat sedang. Penelitian ini juga menemukan tidak terdapat perbedaan tingkat motivasi belajar Bahasa Mandarin diantara siswa laki- laki maupun perempuan.


Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Cheong, K. M., Jano, Z., Salam, S., Bareed, N. A., Ithnin, F., & Suraidi, N. (2019). Motivational Factors Among Undergraduates Learning Mandarin: A Qualitative Perspective.

Ethnologue. What are the top 200 most spoken language. Retrieved from ethnologue.com/guides/ethnologue200

Gomari, H., & Lucas, R. I. (2013). Foreign language learning motivation and anxiety among Iranian students in the Philippines. Philippine ESL Journal, 10, 148- 178. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/24676394/Foreign_Language_Learning_Motivation_and_Ax ety_among_Iranian_Students_in_the_Philippines.

Hong, Chia. (2021). Motivation in Learning Mandarin as a Foreign Language Among Secondary Student in International School. International Journal of Science : Basic and Applied Research. Retrived from https://www.gssrr.org/index.php/JournalOfBasicAndApplied/article/view/12183

Humas Setkab. (2018). Indonesia- bahasa- dunia. Diunduh dari https://setkab.go.id/indonesia bahasa-dunia.

Satgas Covid. 2021. Apa itu COVID-19?. Covid.go.id. Diunduh dari https://covid19.go.id/tanya jawab?page=8.

Setyanti, C. Adhika. 2014. 5 Bahasa Tersulit di Dunia. CNN Indonesia. Retrived from https://m.cnnindonesia.com

Statista. (2019). The most spoken language worldwide. Retrived from https://www.statista.com/statistics/266808/the-most-spoken-languages worldwide/

Tahernezhad, E., Behjat, F., & Kargar, A. (2014). The relationship between language learning anxiety and language learning motivation among Iranian intermediate EFL learners. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 2(6-1), 35-48. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ 6795/b5a77af36045ffa546e046f543c96f8fc 10.pdf

Tsai, C. H., & Chang, I. (2013). The study on motivation and anxiety of English learning of students at a Taiwan Technical University. International Journal of English Language Teaching, 1(1), 24-41. Retrieved from http://www.eajournals.org/wp content/uploads/The-Study-on-Motivation-and Anxiety-of-English-Learning-of Students-at-a-Taiwan-Technical University.pdf

UNICEF. 2021. Tanya- Jawab Seputar Coronavirus (COVID-19). Diunduh dari https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/id/coronavirus/tanya-jawab-seputar-coronavirus