PENERAPAN KONSELING KRISIS UNTUK MENGATASI TRAUMA PSIKOLOGIS KORBAN PERUNDUNGAN REMAJA PEREMPUAN
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Abstract
Korban perundungan ialah seseorang (kelompok orang) yang menjadi perlakuan agresif dari orang lain (sekelompok orang), sehingga orang tersebut merasa trauma secara psikologis dan membutuhkan bantuan koseling professional. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana penerapan konseling krisis untuk mengatasi trauma psikologis pada remaja perempuan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah peelitian kualitatif, dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara dan observasi. Jumlah partisipan sebanyak 2 remaja perempuan yang menjadi korban perundungan. Teknik pengabilan sampling dengan purposive sampling yaitu berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Teknik analisis data dengan pendekatan tematik yang didasari konsep teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Hasil penelitian konseling krisis cukup efektif untuk mengatasi trauma psikologis korban perundungan remaja perempuan. Konseling krisis mampu menggali pengalaman alam bawah sadar maupun alam tidak sadar untuk diungkapkan dalam alam sadar, sehingga klien dapat melakukan katharsis secara leluasa selama proses konselibng. Seusai sesi konseling, terjadi perubahan perilaku klien yang dimulai dari upaya untuk mengubah pola pikir, menerima kenyataan masa lalu, serta berani perubahan diri untuk menghadapi masa depan yang lebih baik.
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REFERENSI
Agindag, O., Demanet, J., Houtte, M. V., & Avermaet, P.V. (2011). Ethnic school composition and peer victimization: A focus on interethnic school climate. International Journal of Intercultural Relation, 35 (4), 465-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.09.009. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0147176710001033.
Apaydin, S. & Celebi, S.G.C. (2023). The effect of crisis counseling course on counseling self-efficacy and readiness for crisis intervention. Cukurova Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 52 (2), 626-643. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2660293.
Ardiansyah, A., Sarinah, S., Susilawati, S., & Juanda, J. (2023). Kajian psikonalisis Sigmund Freud. Jurnal Kependidikan, 7(1), 25–31. Retrieved from http://e-journallppmunsa.ac.id/index.php/kependidikan/article/view/912.
Bacher-Hicks, Andrew, Joshua Goodman, Jennifer Greif Green, and Melissa K. Holt. (2022). The COVID-19 Pandemic Disrupted Both School Bullying and Cyberbullying. American Economic Review: Insights, 4 (3): 353-70.DOI: 10.1257/aeri.20210456.
Basiliei, M.C., Paladino, B.E., & Menesini, E. (2022). Ethnic diversity and bullying in school: A systematic review. Agression and Violent Behavior, 65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2022.101762.
Brodbent, M., Grespan, M.M., Axpford, K, et al, (2023). A machine learning approach to identifying suicide risk among text-based crisis counseling encounters. Front Psychiatry (Psychological therapy and psychosomatics), 14. Https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1110527.
Caraka, R.B., & Zuhdi, M.S. (2022). Karakteristik kepribadian konselor dalam tokoh pewayangan puntadewa . Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (1), 71-87. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2367/1659.
Castillo, Y. A., Cartwright, J., Greaves, M., & Maniss, S. (2023). Let’s practice: Shaping crisis management of preservice counseling professionals. Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision, 17(2). Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu/jcps/vol17/iss2/1.
Gunawan, A., & Amalia, R. (2022). Peran Guru PAI dalam Bimbingan Konseling Siswa Bermasalah Di SMA 1 Tambun Utara Kabupaten Bekasi. Eduprof : Islamic Education Journal, 4(1), 32-47. https://doi.org/10.47453/eduprof.v4i1.112.
Hall, C.S., LIndzey, G., & Campbell, J.B. (1978). Theories of personality. New York: John Wiley.
He, Y., Chen, S.S., Xie, G.D., Chen, L.R, et al. (2022). Birectional association school bullying, depression symptoms and sleep problem in adolescent: A cross – lagged longitudinal approach. Disorder, 298, 590-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.038.
Meng, Y., Yang, Y., Lin, P., Xiau, Y., et al. (2022). School bullying victimization and associated factors among school age adolescents in china. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 0 (0), 1-28. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Xujun-Zhang-3/publication/360244191_School_Bullying_Victimization_and_Associated_Factors_Among_School-Aged_Adolescents_in_China/links/62839e4651bb6b2ad5d19c92/School-Bullying-Victimization-and-Associated-Factors-Among-School-Aged-Adolescents-in-China.pdf.
Morgan, P.L., Farkas, G., Woods, A.D. et al. (2023). Factors Predictive of Being Bullies or Victims of Bullies in US Elementary Schools. School Mental Health 15, 566–582 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-023-09571-4.
Nasti, C., Intra, F.C., Palmiero, M., & Brighi, A. (2023). The relationship between personality and bullying among primary school children: the mediation role of trait emotion intelligence and emphaty. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 23 (2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100359.
Nasmith, A. (2023). Text-based crisis counseling: An examination of timing, pace, asynchronity and disinhition. Youth, 3 (1), 233-245. https://doi.org/10.3390/youth3010016. https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/3/1/16.
Pamuji, Muzaki & Julaeha, (2022). Development of graph-based cyber counseling model with web-based application platform. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (1), 17-33. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2328/1656.
Potard, C., Kubiszewski, V., Combes, C. et al. (2022). How Adolescents Cope with Bullying at School: Exploring Differences Between Pure Victim and Bully-Victim Roles. Int Journal of Bullying Prevention 4, 144–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-021-00095-6.
Rerung, A.E. (2022). Bunuh diri bukan keendak bebas perspektif neurosains dan psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Danum Pembulum: Jurnal Teologi dan Musik Gereja, 2 (1), 45-59. https://ejournal.iaknpky.ac.id/index.php/pambelum/article/view/76/62.
Salmivalli, C., & Nieminen, E. (2001). Proactive and reactive aggression among school bullies, victim, and bully-victims. Aggressive Bahvior, https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.90004.
Schecter, M., Goldblatt, M.I., & Hebstman, B. (2022). The psychoanalytic study of suicide: An integration theory and research. Journal of the American Psychoanalitic Association, 70 (1). Https://.doi.org/10.1177/00030651221086622.
Shedler, J. (2022). That Was Then, This Is Now: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy For The Rest Of Us. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 58:2-3, 405-437, DOI: 10.1080/00107530.2022.2149038
Suryana, D., Putri, M.A., Supriatna, M., & Yudha, E.S. (2022). Analisis Rasch Model: Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Korban Bullying. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (2), 199-214. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2579/1674.
Sulistianingsih, & Parmana, H. (2022). Konseling individu (Cognitive Behavior Therapy) untuk mengurangi kecanduan game online mobile legend. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (1), 01-16. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2322.
Syamila, D., & Marjo, H.K (2021). Etika profesi bimbingan dan konseling: Konseling Online dan asas kerahasiaan. Jurnal Paedagogy: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan, 9 (1), 116-123. https://e-journal.undikma.ac.id/index.php/pedagogy/article/view/4527/3132.
Tumangkeng, S.Y.L. & Maramis,J.B. (2022). Kajian pendekatan fenomenologi: Literature Review. Jurnal Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Keuangan Daerah, 23 (1), 14-32. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/jpekd/article/view/41379/36823.
Qizi, N. G. Z. (2022). Psychoanalytical Approach in English Literature. Central Asian Journal of Literature, Philosophy and Culture, 3(12), 34-38. Retrieved from https://www.cajlpc.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJLPC/article/view/632.
REFERENSI
Agindag, O., Demanet, J., Houtte, M. V., & Avermaet, P.V. (2011). Ethnic school composition and peer victimization: A focus on interethnic school climate. International Journal of Intercultural Relation, 35 (4), 465-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.09.009. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0147176710001033.
Apaydin, S. & Celebi, S.G.C. (2023). The effect of crisis counseling course on counseling self-efficacy and readiness for crisis intervention. Cukurova Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 52 (2), 626-643. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2660293.
Ardiansyah, A., Sarinah, S., Susilawati, S., & Juanda, J. (2023). Kajian psikonalisis Sigmund Freud. Jurnal Kependidikan, 7(1), 25–31. Retrieved from http://e-journallppmunsa.ac.id/index.php/kependidikan/article/view/912.
Bacher-Hicks, Andrew, Joshua Goodman, Jennifer Greif Green, and Melissa K. Holt. (2022). The COVID-19 Pandemic Disrupted Both School Bullying and Cyberbullying. American Economic Review: Insights, 4 (3): 353-70.DOI: 10.1257/aeri.20210456.
Basiliei, M.C., Paladino, B.E., & Menesini, E. (2022). Ethnic diversity and bullying in school: A systematic review. Agression and Violent Behavior, 65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2022.101762.
Brodbent, M., Grespan, M.M., Axpford, K, et al, (2023). A machine learning approach to identifying suicide risk among text-based crisis counseling encounters. Front Psychiatry (Psychological therapy and psychosomatics), 14. Https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1110527.
Caraka, R.B., & Zuhdi, M.S. (2022). Karakteristik kepribadian konselor dalam tokoh pewayangan puntadewa . Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (1), 71-87. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2367/1659.
Castillo, Y. A., Cartwright, J., Greaves, M., & Maniss, S. (2023). Let’s practice: Shaping crisis management of preservice counseling professionals. Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision, 17(2). Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu/jcps/vol17/iss2/1.
Gunawan, A., & Amalia, R. (2022). Peran Guru PAI dalam Bimbingan Konseling Siswa Bermasalah Di SMA 1 Tambun Utara Kabupaten Bekasi. Eduprof : Islamic Education Journal, 4(1), 32-47. https://doi.org/10.47453/eduprof.v4i1.112.
Hall, C.S., LIndzey, G., & Campbell, J.B. (1978). Theories of personality. New York: John Wiley.
He, Y., Chen, S.S., Xie, G.D., Chen, L.R, et al. (2022). Birectional association school bullying, depression symptoms and sleep problem in adolescent: A cross – lagged longitudinal approach. Disorder, 298, 590-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.038.
Meng, Y., Yang, Y., Lin, P., Xiau, Y., et al. (2022). School bullying victimization and associated factors among school age adolescents in china. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 0 (0), 1-28. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Xujun-Zhang-3/publication/360244191_School_Bullying_Victimization_and_Associated_Factors_Among_School-Aged_Adolescents_in_China/links/62839e4651bb6b2ad5d19c92/School-Bullying-Victimization-and-Associated-Factors-Among-School-Aged-Adolescents-in-China.pdf.
Morgan, P.L., Farkas, G., Woods, A.D. et al. (2023). Factors Predictive of Being Bullies or Victims of Bullies in US Elementary Schools. School Mental Health 15, 566–582 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-023-09571-4.
Nasti, C., Intra, F.C., Palmiero, M., & Brighi, A. (2023). The relationship between personality and bullying among primary school children: the mediation role of trait emotion intelligence and emphaty. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 23 (2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100359.
Nasmith, A. (2023). Text-based crisis counseling: An examination of timing, pace, asynchronity and disinhition. Youth, 3 (1), 233-245. https://doi.org/10.3390/youth3010016. https://www.mdpi.com/2673-995X/3/1/16.
Pamuji, Muzaki & Julaeha, (2022). Development of graph-based cyber counseling model with web-based application platform. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (1), 17-33. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2328/1656.
Potard, C., Kubiszewski, V., Combes, C. et al. (2022). How Adolescents Cope with Bullying at School: Exploring Differences Between Pure Victim and Bully-Victim Roles. Int Journal of Bullying Prevention 4, 144–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-021-00095-6.
Rerung, A.E. (2022). Bunuh diri bukan keendak bebas perspektif neurosains dan psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Danum Pembulum: Jurnal Teologi dan Musik Gereja, 2 (1), 45-59. https://ejournal.iaknpky.ac.id/index.php/pambelum/article/view/76/62.
Salmivalli, C., & Nieminen, E. (2001). Proactive and reactive aggression among school bullies, victim, and bully-victims. Aggressive Bahvior, https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.90004.
Schecter, M., Goldblatt, M.I., & Hebstman, B. (2022). The psychoanalytic study of suicide: An integration theory and research. Journal of the American Psychoanalitic Association, 70 (1). Https://.doi.org/10.1177/00030651221086622.
Shedler, J. (2022). That Was Then, This Is Now: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy For The Rest Of Us. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 58:2-3, 405-437, DOI: 10.1080/00107530.2022.2149038
Suryana, D., Putri, M.A., Supriatna, M., & Yudha, E.S. (2022). Analisis Rasch Model: Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Korban Bullying. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (2), 199-214. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2579/1674.
Sulistianingsih, & Parmana, H. (2022). Konseling individu (Cognitive Behavior Therapy) untuk mengurangi kecanduan game online mobile legend. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 19 (1), 01-16. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/hisbah/article/view/2322.
Syamila, D., & Marjo, H.K (2021). Etika profesi bimbingan dan konseling: Konseling Online dan asas kerahasiaan. Jurnal Paedagogy: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan, 9 (1), 116-123. https://e-journal.undikma.ac.id/index.php/pedagogy/article/view/4527/3132.
Tumangkeng, S.Y.L. & Maramis,J.B. (2022). Kajian pendekatan fenomenologi: Literature Review. Jurnal Pembangunan Ekonomi dan Keuangan Daerah, 23 (1), 14-32. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/jpekd/article/view/41379/36823.
Qizi, N. G. Z. (2022). Psychoanalytical Approach in English Literature. Central Asian Journal of Literature, Philosophy and Culture, 3(12), 34-38. Retrieved from https://www.cajlpc.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJLPC/article/view/632.