UJI FITOKIMIA KAPASITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN BERENUK CRESCENTIA CUJETE TERHADAP KADAR MDA OTAK DAN DARAH TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY YANG DIINDUKSI HIPOKSIA NORMOBARIK SISTEMIK KRONIS
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Abstract
Hipoksia adalah suatu kondisi ketika konsentrasi oksigen dalam sel rendah. Kondisi ini dapat meningkatkan pembentukan radikal bebas yang mengarah ke keadaan stres oksidatif yang menghasilkan peroksidasi lipid yang mengakibatkan berbagai kerusakan makromolekul yang dapat merusak otak. Karena itu, tubuh membutuhkan antioksidan untuk mencegah kerusakan tersebut. Salah satu sumber antioksidan eksogen adalah daun Calabash. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kapasitas antioksidan serta konstituen fitokimia daun Berenuk dan menentukan pengaruh ekstrak daun Berenuk dalam menurunkan kadar MDA total dalam darah dan otak tikus Sprague-Dawley yang diinduksi oleh sistemik kronis. hipoksia. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol. Kapasitas antioksidan dievaluasi dengan uji radikal bebas DPPH. 32 tikus Sprague-Dawley dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (normoksia, hipoksia 3 hari, 7 hari dan 14 hari (O2 8%; N2 92%)). Setiap kelompok kemudian dibagi lagi menjadi 2 subkelompok (diberikan ekstrak daun dan tidak pemberian). Ekstrak diberikan 400 mg / kg berat badan selama 14 hari. Evaluasi kadar MDA di otak dan darah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Wills. Kapasitas Antioksidan Berenuk dengan IC50 = 158,46 ?g/mL Semakin lama tikus diinduksi oleh hipoksia sistemik kronis, semakin tinggi kadar MDA dalam darah dan otak. Ada penurunan yang signifikan kadar MDA otak dan darah tikus yang diberi ekstrak daun dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak diberi. Ekstrak Berenuk menurunkan kadar MDA dalam darah dan otak yang disebabkan oleh hipoksia sistemik kronis.
Hypoxia is a condition when oxygen concentration in cell is low. This condition can increase free radical formation that leads to oxidative stress state and cause peroxidation of lipid resulting in various macromolecule damages that damage the brain. Thus, the body needs antioxidant to prevent those damage. One of the exogen antioxidant source is calabash leaf. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity as well as the phytochemical constituent of Calabash leaves and determining the effect of Calabash leaves extract in decreasing total MDA levels in the blood and brain of the Sprague-Dawley rats that were induced by chronic systemic hypoxia. Extraction was performed by maceration method using ethanol solvent. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay. 32 Sprague-Dawley rat were divided into 4 groups (normoxia, 3 days, 7 days and 14 days of hypoxia (O2 8%;N2 92%)). Each group then divided again into 2 subgroups (given leaves extract administration and not). The extract administrated 400 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. The evaluation of MDA levels in the brain and blood was performed by using Wills method. Antioxidant capacity Calabash with IC50 = 158,46 ?g/mL The longer the rats were induced by chronic systemic hypoxia, the higher MDA levels in the blood and brain. There was significant decreases in brain and blood MDA levels of rats given leaf compared with the group that was not given. The calabash leaves preventrise of MDA levels in the blood and brain induced by chronic systemic hypoxia
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